fucosylation

Definition

Target type: biologicalprocess

The covalent attachment of a fucosyl group to an acceptor molecule. [GOC:sart, PMID:19948734]

Fucosylation is a crucial biological process that involves the attachment of fucose, a six-carbon sugar, to various biomolecules, primarily glycoproteins and glycolipids. This process is catalyzed by a family of enzymes known as fucosyltransferases, which transfer fucose from a donor molecule, GDP-fucose, to an acceptor molecule. The specific location and linkage of fucose attachment can vary depending on the type of fucosyltransferase involved and the nature of the acceptor molecule.

Fucosylation plays diverse roles in cellular function, including:

* **Cell-cell interactions:** Fucose modifications on cell surface glycoproteins and glycolipids mediate cell adhesion, recognition, and signaling processes. For example, fucosylation of selectins, a family of adhesion molecules, is essential for leukocyte trafficking and immune responses.
* **Immune system modulation:** Fucosylation patterns on antibodies and other immune components influence the activation and regulation of immune responses.
* **Development and differentiation:** Fucosylation plays a role in embryonic development, organogenesis, and cell fate decisions.
* **Inflammation and disease:** Aberrant fucosylation patterns have been implicated in various diseases, including cancer, inflammation, and autoimmune disorders.

Fucosylation is a complex and highly regulated process, involving a multitude of enzymes, substrates, and regulatory mechanisms. Its importance extends to various biological processes and its dysregulation can lead to disease. Further research on fucosylation is crucial for understanding its intricate roles and developing potential therapeutic strategies.'
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Proteins (3)

Compounds (12)