ascending aorta development
Definition
Target type: biologicalprocess
The progression of the ascending aorta over time, from its initial formation to the mature structure. The ascending aorta is the portion of the aorta in a two-pass circulatory system that lies between the heart and the arch of aorta. In a two-pass circulatory system blood passes twice through the heart to supply the body once. [GOC:bf, GOC:dgh, MA:0002570, UBERON:0001496, Wikipedia:Ascending_aorta]
The ascending aorta, the first portion of the aorta, emerges from the left ventricle and arches superiorly before descending into the chest. Its development is a complex process orchestrated by a precise interplay of genetic and environmental factors, involving the coordinated activities of various cell types.
The initial formation of the ascending aorta can be traced back to the early embryonic stage, around the third week of gestation. During this time, the heart tube, a simple structure formed from the fusion of two heart primordia, begins to differentiate into distinct chambers, including the left ventricle. Simultaneously, the aortic arch, a primitive precursor to the aorta, develops as a series of paired vessels that will eventually fuse to form the definitive aorta.
As the embryo develops, the ascending aorta begins to take shape from the dorsal part of the aortic arch, growing into a distinct structure that connects the left ventricle to the aortic arch. The process involves complex morphogenetic events including vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. Vasculogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels from angioblasts (precursor cells), plays a crucial role in the early stages of ascending aorta development. Angiogenesis, the growth of new blood vessels from pre-existing ones, is responsible for subsequent expansion and refinement of the aortic structure.
Throughout the process, a delicate balance between proliferation, migration, and differentiation of endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells is maintained. This balance is tightly regulated by a multitude of signaling pathways, including the Notch, Wnt, and VEGF pathways. These pathways influence cell fate decisions, promote vessel formation, and control the expression of genes crucial for normal aortic development.
The ascending aorta is also susceptible to various congenital defects, including coarctation of the aorta and aortic valve stenosis. These conditions often arise from disruptions in the complex signaling pathways that govern aortic development, leading to abnormal vessel formation and function.
In summary, the development of the ascending aorta is a complex and highly orchestrated process involving intricate interactions between various cell types and signaling pathways. Proper regulation of these processes is essential for the formation of a functional ascending aorta, ensuring adequate blood flow to the body.'
"
Proteins (1)
| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| Protein-lysine 6-oxidase | A protein-lysine 6-oxidase that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P28300] | Homo sapiens (human) |
Compounds (10)
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| pyrithione | pyrithione : A pyridinethione that is pyridine-2(1H)-thione in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a hydroxy group. It is a Zn(2+) ionophore; the zinc salt is used as an antifungal and antibacterial agent. pyrithione: split from cephalosporin molecule; some metal complexes of this have fumarate reductase inhibitory activity and may be useful against trypanosomes; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure | monohydroxypyridine; pyridinethione | ionophore |
| aminopropionitrile | Aminopropionitrile: Reagent used as an intermediate in the manufacture of beta-alanine and pantothenic acid. | aminopropionitrile | antineoplastic agent; antirheumatic drug; collagen cross-linking inhibitor; plant metabolite |
| disulfiram | organic disulfide; organosulfur acaricide | angiogenesis inhibitor; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 1.2.1.3 [aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD(+))] inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inducer; fungicide; NF-kappaB inhibitor | |
| thiram | thiram : An organic disulfide that results from the formal oxidative dimerisation of N,N-dimethyldithiocarbamic acid. It is widely used as a fungicidal seed treatment. Thiram: A dithiocarbamate chemical, used commercially in the rubber processing industry and as a fungicide. In vivo studies indicate that it inactivates the enzyme GLUTATHIONE REDUCTASE. It has mutagenic activity and may induce chromosomal aberrations. | organic disulfide | antibacterial drug; antifungal agrochemical; antiseptic drug |
| 1-deoxynojirimycin | 1-deoxy-nojirimycin: structure in first source duvoglustat : An optically active form of 2-(hydroxymethyl)piperidine-3,4,5-triol having 2R,3R,4R,5S-configuration. | 2-(hydroxymethyl)piperidine-3,4,5-triol; piperidine alkaloid | anti-HIV agent; anti-obesity agent; bacterial metabolite; EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor; hepatoprotective agent; hypoglycemic agent; plant metabolite |
| miglustat | miglustat : A hydroxypiperidine that is deoxynojirimycin in which the amino hydrogen is replaced by a butyl group. miglustat: a glucosylceramide synthase inhibitor | piperidines; tertiary amino compound | anti-HIV agent; EC 2.4.1.80 (ceramide glucosyltransferase) inhibitor |
| mor-14 | N-methyldeoxynojirimycin: glucosidase inhibitor | hydroxypiperidine; piperidine alkaloid; tertiary amino compound | anti-HIV agent; cardioprotective agent; EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor; plant metabolite |
| homonojirimycin | homonojirimycin: inhibits alpha-glucosidase; RN given for (2R-(2alpha,3alpha,4beta,5alpha,6beta))-isomer; structure in first source | ||
| n-nonyl-1-deoxynojirimycin | N-nonyldeoxynojirimycin : A hydroxypiperidine that is deoxynojirimycin (duvoglustat) in which the amino hydrogen is replaced by a nonyl group. | hydroxypiperidine; tertiary amino compound | antiviral agent; EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor; EC 3.2.1.45 (glucosylceramidase) inhibitor |
| somatostatin | heterodetic cyclic peptide; peptide hormone |