positive regulation of toll-like receptor 3 signaling pathway
Definition
Target type: biologicalprocess
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 3 signaling pathway. [GOC:add, PMID:16551253, PMID:17328678]
Positive regulation of toll-like receptor 3 signaling pathway involves a cascade of molecular events that ultimately activate downstream signaling cascades leading to the production of cytokines and other immune responses. The process begins with the recognition of viral double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), a potent immunostimulant, by Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3). TLR3, a transmembrane receptor primarily localized in endosomes, binds dsRNA through its leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domain. This binding event triggers the recruitment of adaptor proteins, including TIR domain-containing adaptor protein inducing interferon-beta (TRIF). TRIF then activates two distinct signaling pathways: TRIF-dependent pathway and TRIF-independent pathway. The TRIF-dependent pathway involves the activation of the transcription factor interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) through a complex signaling cascade involving TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) and IκB kinase (IKK)ε. Activated IRF3 translocates to the nucleus and promotes the transcription of type I interferons (IFN-α/β), crucial cytokines responsible for antiviral responses. The TRIF-independent pathway activates nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) through the IKK complex, leading to the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines like tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). These cytokines contribute to the innate immune response by attracting immune cells to the site of infection and promoting inflammation. Overall, positive regulation of TLR3 signaling pathway plays a critical role in the host's defense against viral infections by triggering the production of antiviral and pro-inflammatory cytokines. This process involves a complex interplay between multiple signaling molecules and pathways, ensuring an efficient and coordinated immune response.'
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Proteins (2)
| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 22 | A tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 22 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q9Y2R2] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Proteinase-activated receptor 2 | A proteinase-activated receptor 2 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:WCB, UniProtKB:P55085] | Homo sapiens (human) |
Compounds (13)
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| lawsone | lawsone : 1,4-Naphthoquinone carrying a hydroxy function at C-2. It is obtained from the leaves of Lawsonia inermis. lawsone: a molluscacide from leaves of Lawsonia inermis L. topical sunscreening agent; structure; powdered leaves of Lawsonia inermis(Lythraceae) used as brown hair dye | ||
| 1,2-naphthoquinone | 1,2-naphthoquinone : The parent structure of the family of 1,2-naphthoquinones, in which the oxo groups of the quinone moiety are at positions 1 and 2 of the naphthalene ring. It is a metabolite of naphthalene and is found in diesel exhaust particles. naphthalene-1,2-dione: structure given in first source | 1,2-naphthoquinones | aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist; carcinogenic agent |
| 1,2-dihydroxynaphthalene | 1,2-dihydroxynaphthalene: RN given refers to parent cpd | naphthalenediol | mouse metabolite |
| triptolide | diterpenoid; epoxide; gamma-lactam; organic heteroheptacyclic compound | antispermatogenic agent; plant metabolite | |
| cefsulodin | cefsulodin : A pyridinium-substituted semi-synthetic, broad-spectrum, cephalosporin antibiotic. Cefsulodin: A pyridinium-substituted semisynthetic, broad-spectrum antibacterial used especially for Pseudomonas infections in debilitated patients. | cephalosporin; organosulfonic acid; primary carboxamide | antibacterial drug |
| morusin | morusin : An extended flavonoid that is flavone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 5, 2' and 4', a prenyl group at position 3 and a 2,2-dimethyl pyran group across positions 7 and 8. morusin: from Morus root bark; structure given in first source | extended flavonoid; trihydroxyflavone | antineoplastic agent; plant metabolite |
| trans-2,3',4,5'-tetrahydroxystilbene | trans-2,3',4,5'-tetrahydroxystilbene: hydroxystilbene oxyresveratrol | stilbenoid | |
| Norartocarpetin | flavones | ||
| seryl-leucyl-isoleucyl-glycyl--arginyl-leucinamide | seryl-leucyl-isoleucyl-glycyl--arginyl-leucinamide: a proteinase-activated receptor-2-activating peptide; SL-NH2 is NOT Ser-Leu-NH2 here | ||
| 2-furoyl-ligrlo-amide | 2-furoyl-LIGRLO-amide: a potent and selective proteinase-activated receptor 2 agonist | ||
| cudraflavanone a | cudraflavanone A: antineoplastic from Cudrania tricuspidata; structure in first source | ||
| 3-(1-(3-(biphenyl-4-ylamino)-3-oxopropyl)-1h-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-6-hydroxy-1-methyl-2-phenyl-1h-indole-5-carboxylic acid | 3-(1-(3-(biphenyl-4-ylamino)-3-oxopropyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-6-hydroxy-1-methyl-2-phenyl-1H-indole-5-carboxylic acid: an SHP2 inhibitor; structure in first source | ||
| AZ3451 | benzimidazoles; benzodioxoles; nitrile; organobromine compound; secondary carboxamide | anti-inflammatory agent; autophagy inducer; PAR2 negative allosteric modulator |