lens morphogenesis in camera-type eye
Definition
Target type: biologicalprocess
The process in which the anatomical structures of the lens are generated and organized. The lens is a transparent structure in the eye through which light is focused onto the retina. An example of this process is found in Mus musculus. [GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_sensu]
Lens morphogenesis, the process of forming the lens in camera-type eyes, is a complex and highly regulated developmental event. It begins with the invagination of the surface ectoderm, a specialized epithelial tissue, to form the lens placode. This placode then detaches from the surface ectoderm and undergoes a series of coordinated transformations to become the lens vesicle. The lens vesicle consists of two cell layers: the anterior lens epithelium and the posterior lens fiber cells. The lens epithelium, a single-layered epithelium, serves as a source of new lens fiber cells throughout life. The lens fiber cells, which are highly specialized and elongated cells, are responsible for the transparency and refractive properties of the lens. As the lens grows, the lens fiber cells continuously differentiate and elongate, filling the interior of the lens. This process of differentiation involves the expression of a specific set of genes, including crystallins, which are the major structural proteins of the lens. The lens fiber cells lose their organelles and nuclei, further contributing to the lens's transparency. Lens morphogenesis is regulated by a complex interplay of signaling pathways, including the Wnt, Shh, and FGF pathways. These signaling molecules are produced by surrounding tissues, such as the optic cup and the surface ectoderm, and they act on the lens placode to control its growth, differentiation, and morphogenesis. The process of lens morphogenesis is essential for the proper development and function of the eye. Any defects in this process can lead to a variety of eye diseases, including cataracts and microphthalmia. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying lens morphogenesis is crucial for developing new treatments for these debilitating conditions.'
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Proteins (1)
| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| Catenin beta-1 | A catenin beta-1 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:WCB, UniProtKB:P35222] | Homo sapiens (human) |
Compounds (6)
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| salvin | salvin: a biocyclic diterpenoid; from sage and rosemary (Lamiaceae) | abietane diterpenoid; carbotricyclic compound; catechols; monocarboxylic acid | angiogenesis modulating agent; anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; food preservative; HIV protease inhibitor; plant metabolite |
| toxoflavin | toxoflavin : A pyrimidotriazine that is 1,6-dimethyl-1,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrimido[5,4-e][1,2,4]triazine with oxo groups at positions 5 and 7. toxoflavin: azapteridine antibiotic; structure | carbonyl compound; pyrimidotriazine | antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; bacterial metabolite; toxin; virulence factor; Wnt signalling inhibitor |
| cercosporin | cercosporin : An organic heterohexacyclic compound that is perylo[1,12-def][1,3]dioxepine-6,11-dione substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 5 and 12, by methoxy groups at positions 7 and 10, and by 2-hydroxypropyl groups at positions 8 and 9 (the R,R-stereoisomer). It is a phytotoxin which was first isolated from the pathogenic soybean fungus, Cercospora kikuchii and later found in multiple members of the genus Cercospora. cercosporin: phyytotoxin from Cercospora beticola Sacc; posses photodynamic action on mice, bacteria & plants | ||
| LSM-42773 | aromatic ketone | ||
| etodolac, (-)-isomer | (R)-etodolac : The R-enantiomer of etodolac. It is inactive, in contrast to the enantiomer, (S)-etodolac, which is a preferential inhibitor of cyclo-oxygenase 2 and a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory. The racemate is commonly used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis, and for the alleviation of postoperative pain. | etodolac | |
| ucn 1028 c | calphostin C: structure given in first source; isolated from Cladosporium cladosporioides |