Page last updated: 2024-10-06
retinol biosynthesis
Proteins (13)
| Protein | Synonyms | Taxonomy |
|---|
| Dehydrogenase/reductase SDR family member 9 | EC 1.1.1.209; EC 1.1.1.53; 3-alpha hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase; 3-alpha-HSD; NADP-dependent retinol dehydrogenase/reductase; RDH-E2; RDHL; Retinol dehydrogenase 15; 1.1.1.105; Short chain dehydrogenase/reductase family 9C member 4; Short-chain dehydrogen | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Pancreatic triacylglycerol lipase | PL; PTL; Pancreatic lipase; EC 3.1.1.3 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Liver carboxylesterase 1 | Acyl-coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase; ACAT; Brain carboxylesterase hBr1; Carboxylesterase 1; CE-1; hCE-1; 3.1.1.1; Cholesteryl ester hydrolase; CEH; 3.1.1.13; Cocaine carboxylesterase; Egasyn; HMSE; Methylumbelliferyl-acetate deacetylase 1; 3.1.1.5 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Retinol-binding protein 4 | Plasma retinol-binding protein; PRBP; RBP | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Lecithin retinol acyltransferase | EC 2.3.1.135; Phosphatidylcholine--retinol O-acyltransferase | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Retinol-binding protein 2 | Cellular retinol-binding protein II; CRBP-II | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Retinol-binding protein 1 | Cellular retinol-binding protein; CRBP; Cellular retinol-binding protein I; CRBP-I | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Retinol dehydrogenase 10 | EC 1.1.1.300; Short chain dehydrogenase/reductase family 16C member 4 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Beta,beta-carotene 15,15'-dioxygenase | EC 1.13.11.63; Beta-carotene dioxygenase 1; Beta-carotene oxygenase 1 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase 3 | EC 1.1.1.300; DD83.1; Retinal short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase 1; retSDR1; Retinol dehydrogenase 17; Short chain dehydrogenase/reductase family 16C member 1 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Retinol dehydrogenase 11 | EC 1.1.1.300; Androgen-regulated short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase 1; HCV core-binding protein HCBP12; Prostate short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase 1; Retinal reductase 1; RalR1; Short chain dehydrogenase/reductase family 7C member 1 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Retinol dehydrogenase 12 | EC 1.1.1.300; All-trans and 9-cis retinol dehydrogenase; Short chain dehydrogenase/reductase family 7C member 2 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Retinol dehydrogenase 8 | EC 1.1.1.300; Photoreceptor outer segment all-trans retinol dehydrogenase; Short chain dehydrogenase/reductase family 28C member 2 | Homo sapiens (human) |
Compounds (9)
| Compound | Description |
|---|
| hydronium ion | |
| iron | A metallic element with atomic symbol Fe, atomic number 26, and atomic weight 55.85. It is an essential constituent of HEMOGLOBINS; CYTOCHROMES; and IRON-BINDING PROTEINS. It plays a role in cellular redox reactions and in the transport of OXYGEN. |
| retinol | |
| beta carotene | A carotenoid that is a precursor of VITAMIN A. Beta carotene is administered to reduce the severity of photosensitivity reactions in patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria (PORPHYRIA, ERYTHROPOIETIC). |
| retinaldehyde | A diterpene derived from the carotenoid VITAMIN A which functions as the active component of the visual cycle. It is the prosthetic group of RHODOPSIN (i.e., covalently bonded to ROD OPSIN as 11-cis-retinal). When stimulated by visible light, rhodopsin transforms this cis-isomer of retinal to the trans-isomer (11-trans-retinal). This transformation straightens-out the bend of the retinal molecule and causes a change in the shape of rhodopsin triggering the visual process. A series of energy-requiring enzyme-catalyzed reactions convert the 11-trans-retinal back to the cis-isomer. |
| Water | A clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for most animal and plant life and is an excellent solvent for many substances. The chemical formula is hydrogen oxide (H2O). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed) |
| Oxygen | An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration. |
| NADP | Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. A coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-phosphate (NMN) coupled by pyrophosphate linkage to the 5'-phosphate adenosine 2',5'-bisphosphate. It serves as an electron carrier in a number of reactions, being alternately oxidized (NADP+) and reduced (NADPH). (Dorland, 27th ed) |
| NADP | Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. A coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-phosphate (NMN) coupled by pyrophosphate linkage to the 5'-phosphate adenosine 2',5'-bisphosphate. It serves as an electron carrier in a number of reactions, being alternately oxidized (NADP+) and reduced (NADPH). (Dorland, 27th ed) |