Target type: molecularfunction
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate. Catalysis of the removal of clathrin from vesicle membranes, coupled to the hydrolysis of ATP. [PMID:6146630, PMID:8363588]
Clathrin-uncoating ATPase activity is a crucial process in vesicular trafficking within eukaryotic cells. This activity is essential for the disassembly of clathrin-coated vesicles, which are essential for endocytosis, the process by which cells internalize molecules and particles from their surroundings. Clathrin-coated vesicles are formed at the plasma membrane and other intracellular membranes when clathrin molecules assemble into a cage-like structure around the vesicle. This cage structure is stabilized by adaptor proteins, which link clathrin to cargo molecules destined for internalization.
The uncoating of clathrin-coated vesicles is initiated by the binding of an ATPase, typically Hsc70, to the clathrin coat. Hsc70 hydrolyzes ATP, which provides the energy needed to break the interactions between clathrin molecules and the adaptor proteins. This process leads to the disassembly of the clathrin coat, allowing the vesicle to fuse with its target membrane.
Several factors contribute to the efficiency of clathrin uncoating:
1. **Hsc70:** Hsc70 is a chaperone protein that binds to clathrin and uses the energy from ATP hydrolysis to disrupt clathrin-adaptor protein interactions.
2. **Auxilin:** Auxilin is a protein that acts as a cofactor for Hsc70. It binds to clathrin and facilitates the recruitment and activation of Hsc70.
3. **Co-chaperones:** Proteins like p97 (also called VCP) assist in the uncoating process by interacting with adaptor proteins and Hsc70.
The clathrin uncoating process is tightly regulated and plays a vital role in maintaining the integrity of intracellular trafficking pathways. This dynamic process ensures the efficient delivery of cargo molecules to their appropriate destinations within the cell.'
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| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| Heat shock cognate 71 kDa protein | A heat shock cognate 71 kDa protein that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DAN] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| adenosine diphosphate | Adenosine Diphosphate: Adenosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate). An adenine nucleotide containing two phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety at the 5'-position. | adenosine 5'-phosphate; purine ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate | fundamental metabolite; human metabolite |
| tubercidin | tubercidin : An N-glycosylpyrrolopyrimidine that is adenosine in which the in the 5-membered ring that is not attached to the ribose moiety is replaced by a carbon. Tubercidin is produced in the culture broth of Streptomyces tubericidus. Tubercidin: An antibiotic purine ribonucleoside that readily substitutes for adenosine in the biological system, but its incorporation into DNA and RNA has an inhibitory effect on the metabolism of these nucleic acids. | antibiotic antifungal agent; N-glycosylpyrrolopyrimidine; ribonucleoside | antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; bacterial metabolite |
| toyocamycin | toyocamycin : An N-glycosylpyrrolopyrimidine that is tubercidin in which the hydrogen at position 5 of the pyrrolopyrimidine moiety has been replaced by a cyano group. Toyocamycin: 4-Amino-5-cyano-7-(D-ribofuranosyl)-7H- pyrrolo(2,3-d)pyrimidine. Antibiotic antimetabolite isolated from Streptomyces toyocaensis cultures. It is an analog of adenosine, blocks RNA synthesis and ribosome function, and is used mainly as a tool in biochemistry. | antibiotic antifungal agent; N-glycosylpyrrolopyrimidine; nitrile; ribonucleoside | antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; bacterial metabolite |
| nsc 65346 | sangivamycin : A nucleoside analogue that is adenosine in which the nitrogen at position 7 is replaced by a carbamoyl-substituted carbon. It is a potent inhibitor of protein kinase C. sangivamycin: RN given refers to parent cpd | nucleoside analogue | protein kinase inhibitor |
| adenosine | quinquefolan B: isolated from roots of Panax quinquefolium L.; RN not in Chemline 10/87; RN from Toxlit | adenosines; purines D-ribonucleoside | analgesic; anti-arrhythmia drug; fundamental metabolite; human metabolite; vasodilator agent |
| 8-aminoadenosine | |||
| 5'-deoxyadenosine | 5'-deoxyadenosine : A 5'-deoxyribonucleoside compound having adenosine as the nucleobase. 5'-deoxyadenosine: main heading DEOXYADENOSINE refers to the 3' cpd | 5'-deoxyribonucleoside; adenosines | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| ver 155008 | VER 155008: structure in first source | purine nucleoside | |
| nms-e973 | NMS-E973: structure in first source |