Target type: molecularfunction
Catalysis of the reaction: L-glutaminyl-[histone] + serotonin = 5-serotonyl-L-glutamyl-[histone] + NH4(+). [GOC:sp, PMID:30867594]
Histone serotonyltransferase activity refers to the enzymatic ability to catalyze the transfer of serotonin (5-HT) from a donor molecule to a histone protein. Serotonin, a neurotransmitter, is a monoamine that plays a crucial role in various physiological processes, including mood regulation, sleep, and appetite. Histones are basic proteins that act as spools around which DNA wraps, forming nucleosomes, the fundamental units of chromatin. The covalent modification of histones, including acetylation, methylation, and phosphorylation, plays a critical role in regulating gene expression by altering chromatin structure and accessibility to transcription factors. Histone serotonyltransferase activity, therefore, represents a novel mechanism by which serotonin can influence gene expression. This enzymatic activity adds serotonin to a specific lysine residue on histone proteins, a process known as serotonylation. Serotonylation is a dynamic post-translational modification that can affect chromatin structure and gene expression. The specific molecular mechanisms by which serotonylation influences gene expression are currently being investigated. However, preliminary studies suggest that serotonylation can impact the interaction of histones with DNA, as well as the recruitment of other chromatin-modifying enzymes. This ultimately contributes to the regulation of gene transcription. In conclusion, histone serotonyltransferase activity represents a new and intriguing molecular pathway through which serotonin may exert its effects on gene expression. Further research is needed to fully elucidate the mechanisms and consequences of this enzymatic activity.'
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| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| Protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase 2 | A protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase 2 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P21980] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1-(2-naphthalenyl)-3-[(phenylmethyl)-propan-2-ylamino]-1-propanone | ZM39923: structure in first source | naphthalenes | |
| beta-lapachone | beta-lapachone : A benzochromenone that is 3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[h]chromene-5,6-dione substituted by geminal methyl groups at position 2. Isolated from Tabebuia avellanedae, it exhibits antineoplastic and anti-inflammatory activities. beta-lapachone: antineoplastic inhibitor of reverse transcriptase, DNA topoisomerase, and DNA polymerase | benzochromenone; orthoquinones | anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; plant metabolite |
| vitamin k 3 | Vitamin K 3: A synthetic naphthoquinone without the isoprenoid side chain and biological activity, but can be converted to active vitamin K2, menaquinone, after alkylation in vivo. | 1,4-naphthoquinones; vitamin K | angiogenesis inhibitor; antineoplastic agent; EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor; human urinary metabolite; nutraceutical |
| 5-bromoisatin | indoles | anticoronaviral agent | |
| isatin | tribulin: endogenous MONOAMINE OXIDASE inhibitory activity extractable into ethyl acetate found in brain and many mammalian tissues and fluids; ISATIN is a major component; produced in excess following alcohol withdrawal; | indoledione | EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor; plant metabolite |
| indirubin | |||
| 5-Chloro-1H-indole-2,3-dione | indoles | anticoronaviral agent | |
| 5-iodoisatin | 5-iodoisatin: structure in first source | indoles | anticoronaviral agent |
| isoindigotin | isoindigotin: used in treatment of chronic granulocytic leukemia; structure given in first source | ||
| n-phenylacrylamide | N-phenylacrylamide: structure in first source | ||
| nsc 95397 | 1,4-naphthoquinones | ||
| ag-213 | tyrphostin 47: inhibits protein-tyrosine kinase activity of EGF-R both in vitro and in living cells; | ||
| rottlerin | rottlerin : A chromenol that is 2,2-dimethyl-2H-chromene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 5 and 7, a 3-acetyl-2,4,6-trihydroxy-5-methylbenzyl group at position 6 and a (1E)-3-oxo-1-phenylprop-1-en-3-yl group at position 8. A potassium channel opener, it is isolated from Mallotus philippensis. rottlerin: an angiogenesis inhibitor; an inhibitor of protein kinase Cdelta (PKCdelta) and calmodulin kinase III; RN refers to (E)-isomer; do not confuse this chalcone with an anthraquinone that is also called rottlerin (RN 481-72-1); | aromatic ketone; benzenetriol; chromenol; enone; methyl ketone | anti-allergic agent; antihypertensive agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; K-ATP channel agonist; metabolite |
| gw-5074 | |||
| glutaminase | |||
| guanylyl imidodiphosphate | guanosine 5'-[beta,gamma-imido]triphosphate : A nucleoside triphosphate analogue that is GTP in which the oxygen atom bridging the beta- to the gamma- phosphate is replaced by a nitrogen atom A non-hydrolyzable analog of GTP, it binds tightly to G-protein in the presence of Mg(2+). Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate: A non-hydrolyzable analog of GTP, in which the oxygen atom bridging the beta to the gamma phosphate is replaced by a nitrogen atom. It binds tightly to G-protein in the presence of Mg2+. The nucleotide is a potent stimulator of ADENYLYL CYCLASES. | nucleoside triphosphate analogue |