Target type: molecularfunction
Catalysis of the reaction: bilirubin + NADP+ = biliverdin + NADPH + H+. [RHEA:15793]
Biliverdin reductase (NADPH) is an enzyme that catalyzes the reduction of biliverdin, a green pigment produced during heme degradation, to bilirubin, a yellow pigment. This reaction utilizes NADPH as a reducing agent and involves the transfer of two electrons and two protons from NADPH to the biliverdin molecule. The enzyme specifically binds to biliverdin and NADPH, facilitating the transfer of reducing equivalents from NADPH to the biliverdin molecule. The reduction process involves the breaking of the double bond between carbons 10 and 11 of biliverdin, resulting in the formation of bilirubin. Bilirubin is then transported to the liver, where it is conjugated with glucuronic acid and excreted in bile. The enzyme's activity plays a critical role in the detoxification of heme, which is released during the breakdown of red blood cells. Biliverdin reductase (NADPH) activity is also involved in the regulation of oxidative stress by scavenging reactive oxygen species. The enzyme's activity is crucial for maintaining cellular homeostasis and preventing oxidative damage to cells.'
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| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| Flavin reductase (NADPH) | A flavin reductase that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P30043] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| erythrosine | Fluoresceins: A family of spiro(isobenzofuran-1(3H),9'-(9H)xanthen)-3-one derivatives. These are used as dyes, as indicators for various metals, and as fluorescent labels in immunoassays. | ||
| sulfasalazine | sulfasalazine : An azobenzene consisting of diphenyldiazene having a carboxy substituent at the 4-position, a hydroxy substituent at the 3-position and a 2-pyridylaminosulphonyl substituent at the 4'-position. Sulfasalazine: A drug that is used in the management of inflammatory bowel diseases. Its activity is generally considered to lie in its metabolic breakdown product, 5-aminosalicylic acid (see MESALAMINE) released in the colon. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p907) | ||
| olsalazine | olsalazine : An azobenzene that consists of two molecules of 4-aminosalicylic acid joined by an azo linkage. A prodrug for mesalazine, an anti-inflammatory drug, it is used (as the disodium salt) in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. olsalazine: cpd with 2 salicylate molecules linked together by an azo bond | azobenzenes; dicarboxylic acid | non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; prodrug |
| tamibarotene | tamibarotene : A dicarboxylic acid monoamide resulting from the condensation of one of the carboxy groups of terephthalic acid with the amino group of 5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-amine. tamibarotene: has retinoid-binding activity | dicarboxylic acid monoamide; retinoid; tetralins | antineoplastic agent; retinoic acid receptor alpha/beta agonist |
| febuxostat | febuxostat : A 1,3-thiazolemonocarboxylic acid that is 4-methyl-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid which is substituted by a 3-cyano-4-(2-methylpropoxy)phenyl group at position 2. It is an orally-active, potent, and selective xanthine oxidase inhibitor used for the treatment of chronic hyperuricaemia in patients with gout. Febuxostat: A thiazole derivative and inhibitor of XANTHINE OXIDASE that is used for the treatment of HYPERURICEMIA in patients with chronic GOUT. | 1,3-thiazolemonocarboxylic acid; aromatic ether; nitrile | EC 1.17.3.2 (xanthine oxidase) inhibitor |
| deferasirox | deferasirox : A member of the class of triazoles, deferasirox is 1,2,4-triazole substituted by a 4-carboxyphenyl group at position 1 and by 2-hydroxyphenyl groups at positions 3 and 5. An orally active iron chelator, it is used to manage chronic iron overload in patients receiving long-term blood transfusions. Deferasirox: A triazole and benzoate derivative that acts as a selective iron chelator. It is used in the management of chronic IRON OVERLOAD due to blood transfusion or non-transfusion dependent THALASSEMIA. | benzoic acids; monocarboxylic acid; phenols; triazoles | iron chelator |
| ptc 124 | oxadiazole; ring assembly |