deoxyribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate N-glycosidase activity

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

Catalysis of the reaction: a deoxyribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate + H2O = deoxyribose 5-monophosphate + a purine or pyrimidine base. [GOC:ab, PMID:17234634]

Deoxyribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate N-glycosidase activity is a molecular function that involves the removal of a purine or pyrimidine base from a deoxyribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate, also known as a deoxynucleotide. This enzymatic activity is crucial for DNA repair pathways, specifically for the base excision repair (BER) pathway. The BER pathway is responsible for repairing damaged or modified bases in DNA.

Here's a detailed breakdown of the process:

1. **Recognition of Damaged Base:** The enzyme, a deoxyribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate N-glycosidase, recognizes and binds to the damaged or modified base within the DNA strand.
2. **Cleavage of N-glycosidic Bond:** The enzyme specifically cleaves the N-glycosidic bond between the damaged base and the deoxyribose sugar moiety of the nucleotide. This leaves an abasic site (a site without a base) in the DNA.
3. **Removal of Abasic Site:** Following base removal, other enzymes in the BER pathway are involved in removing the abasic site and replacing it with a correct base.

The specific types of damaged bases that can be recognized and removed by deoxyribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate N-glycosidase activity vary depending on the enzyme involved. Some enzymes are highly specific for certain types of damage, while others have broader substrate specificities.

Overall, deoxyribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate N-glycosidase activity plays a vital role in maintaining the integrity of DNA by removing damaged or modified bases, preventing mutations and ensuring proper genetic information transmission.'
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Proteins (3)

Compounds (2)