Target type: molecularfunction
Catalysis of the reaction: all-trans-retinyl palmitate + H2O = all-trans-retinol + H+ + palmitate. [RHEA:13933]
All-trans-retinyl-palmitate hydrolase, all-trans-retinol forming activity, catalyzes the hydrolysis of all-trans-retinyl palmitate to all-trans-retinol and palmitic acid. This reaction is essential for the mobilization of vitamin A from its esterified storage form in the liver and other tissues. All-trans-retinol is the precursor of retinal, which is required for the synthesis of rhodopsin, a light-sensitive pigment in the retina. Retinol is also a precursor of retinoic acid, a signaling molecule involved in a variety of biological processes, including cell growth, differentiation, and development. All-trans-retinyl-palmitate hydrolase is a member of the carboxylesterase family of enzymes. It is a transmembrane protein that is localized to the endoplasmic reticulum. The enzyme is highly specific for all-trans-retinyl palmitate and does not hydrolyze other retinyl esters or other fatty acid esters. The activity of all-trans-retinyl-palmitate hydrolase is regulated by a variety of factors, including the availability of substrate, the levels of retinol and retinoic acid, and the presence of inhibitors. Mutations in the gene encoding all-trans-retinyl-palmitate hydrolase can lead to vitamin A deficiency. This can cause a variety of problems, including night blindness, xerophthalmia, and impaired growth and development.'
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| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| Pancreatic triacylglycerol lipase | A pancreatic triacylglycerol lipase that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P16233] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| salvin | salvin: a biocyclic diterpenoid; from sage and rosemary (Lamiaceae) | abietane diterpenoid; carbotricyclic compound; catechols; monocarboxylic acid | angiogenesis modulating agent; anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; food preservative; HIV protease inhibitor; plant metabolite |
| Koenimbine | koenimbin: has antineoplastic activity; isolated from curry leaf, Murraya koenigii; structure in first source | carbazoles | |
| mahanimbine | mahanimbine: from Murraya koenigii leaves; structure in first source | carbazoles | |
| carnosol | carnosol: isolated from Lepechinia hastata | diterpenoid | |
| orlistat | orlistat : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of N-formyl-L-leucine with the hydroxy group of (3S,4S)-3-hexyl-4-[(2S)-2-hydroxytridecyl]oxetan-2-one. A pancreatic lipase inhibitor, it is used as an anti-obesity drug. Orlistat: A lactone derivative of LEUCINE that acts as a pancreatic lipase inhibitor to limit the absorption of dietary fat; it is used in the management of obesity. | beta-lactone; carboxylic ester; formamides; L-leucine derivative | anti-obesity agent; bacterial metabolite; EC 2.3.1.85 (fatty acid synthase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor |