Page last updated: 2024-10-24

all-trans-retinyl-palmitate hydrolase, all-trans-retinol forming activity

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

Catalysis of the reaction: all-trans-retinyl palmitate + H2O = all-trans-retinol + H+ + palmitate. [RHEA:13933]

All-trans-retinyl-palmitate hydrolase, all-trans-retinol forming activity, catalyzes the hydrolysis of all-trans-retinyl palmitate to all-trans-retinol and palmitic acid. This reaction is essential for the mobilization of vitamin A from its esterified storage form in the liver and other tissues. All-trans-retinol is the precursor of retinal, which is required for the synthesis of rhodopsin, a light-sensitive pigment in the retina. Retinol is also a precursor of retinoic acid, a signaling molecule involved in a variety of biological processes, including cell growth, differentiation, and development. All-trans-retinyl-palmitate hydrolase is a member of the carboxylesterase family of enzymes. It is a transmembrane protein that is localized to the endoplasmic reticulum. The enzyme is highly specific for all-trans-retinyl palmitate and does not hydrolyze other retinyl esters or other fatty acid esters. The activity of all-trans-retinyl-palmitate hydrolase is regulated by a variety of factors, including the availability of substrate, the levels of retinol and retinoic acid, and the presence of inhibitors. Mutations in the gene encoding all-trans-retinyl-palmitate hydrolase can lead to vitamin A deficiency. This can cause a variety of problems, including night blindness, xerophthalmia, and impaired growth and development.'
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Proteins (1)

ProteinDefinitionTaxonomy
Pancreatic triacylglycerol lipaseA pancreatic triacylglycerol lipase that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P16233]Homo sapiens (human)

Compounds (5)

CompoundDefinitionClassesRoles
salvinsalvin: a biocyclic diterpenoid; from sage and rosemary (Lamiaceae)abietane diterpenoid;
carbotricyclic compound;
catechols;
monocarboxylic acid
angiogenesis modulating agent;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
food preservative;
HIV protease inhibitor;
plant metabolite
Koenimbinekoenimbin: has antineoplastic activity; isolated from curry leaf, Murraya koenigii; structure in first sourcecarbazoles
mahanimbinemahanimbine: from Murraya koenigii leaves; structure in first sourcecarbazoles
carnosolcarnosol: isolated from Lepechinia hastataditerpenoid
orlistatorlistat : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of N-formyl-L-leucine with the hydroxy group of (3S,4S)-3-hexyl-4-[(2S)-2-hydroxytridecyl]oxetan-2-one. A pancreatic lipase inhibitor, it is used as an anti-obesity drug.

Orlistat: A lactone derivative of LEUCINE that acts as a pancreatic lipase inhibitor to limit the absorption of dietary fat; it is used in the management of obesity.
beta-lactone;
carboxylic ester;
formamides;
L-leucine derivative
anti-obesity agent;
bacterial metabolite;
EC 2.3.1.85 (fatty acid synthase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor