syndecan binding

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

Binding to syndecan, an integral membrane proteoglycan (250-300 kDa) associated largely with epithelial cells. [GOC:go_curators, PMID:9355727]

Syndecan binding is a molecular interaction that involves the binding of a protein or other molecule to a syndecan. Syndecans are a family of transmembrane proteins that play a critical role in cell signaling, adhesion, and migration. They are characterized by their extracellular domain, which contains a variable number of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains, typically heparan sulfate. These GAG chains are highly sulfated and can bind to a variety of ligands, including growth factors, chemokines, and extracellular matrix components.

Syndecan binding can be mediated by a variety of mechanisms, including direct interactions between the protein and the GAG chains, interactions with protein-binding domains in the syndecan core protein, or interactions with other molecules that are bound to the syndecan.

The molecular function of syndecan binding is diverse and depends on the specific ligand and context. In general, syndecan binding can:

* **Regulate cell signaling:** By binding to growth factors, chemokines, and other signaling molecules, syndecans can influence cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration.
* **Mediate cell adhesion:** Syndecans can interact with extracellular matrix components, such as collagen and fibronectin, to promote cell adhesion and anchorage.
* **Modulate inflammation:** Syndecans can bind to inflammatory mediators, such as cytokines and chemokines, and contribute to the regulation of inflammatory responses.
* **Promote angiogenesis:** Syndecans can bind to growth factors that stimulate blood vessel formation, contributing to angiogenesis.
* **Facilitate viral entry:** Some viruses, such as HIV, use syndecans as receptors for entry into cells.

The specific molecular function of syndecan binding is further determined by the type of syndecan involved, the specific ligand, and the cellular context. For example, syndecan-1 is known to bind to fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and promote FGF-mediated signaling. Syndecan-4, on the other hand, is involved in cell adhesion and migration through interactions with extracellular matrix components.

Overall, syndecan binding is a crucial molecular interaction that plays a central role in various cellular processes. By regulating cell signaling, adhesion, and migration, syndecan binding contributes to tissue development, wound healing, inflammation, and cancer progression.'
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Proteins (1)

Compounds (10)