thrombopoietin receptor activity

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

Combining with the glycoprotein thrombopoietin and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity. [GOC:bf, GOC:signaling, PMID:19630807]

Thrombopoietin receptor activity, also known as c-Mpl activity, is a key molecular function in the regulation of megakaryopoiesis and platelet production. The thrombopoietin receptor (c-Mpl) is a transmembrane receptor that binds to the cytokine thrombopoietin (TPO). This binding initiates a signaling cascade that culminates in the activation of intracellular pathways, leading to various cellular processes crucial for megakaryocyte development and platelet formation. These processes include:
* **Megakaryocyte proliferation and differentiation**: TPO-mediated activation of c-Mpl triggers the proliferation and differentiation of megakaryocyte progenitor cells into mature megakaryocytes, the precursors of platelets.
* **Megakaryocyte maturation and polyploidization**: c-Mpl signaling promotes the maturation of megakaryocytes, inducing their enlargement, nuclear polyploidization (increased DNA content), and the formation of proplatelet extensions.
* **Platelet production**: Through these processes, c-Mpl activity ultimately leads to the production of platelets, the essential blood components responsible for hemostasis (stopping bleeding).
* **Platelet survival and function**: TPO signaling also plays a role in regulating platelet survival and function.
The molecular mechanisms underlying c-Mpl activity involve a series of intracellular signaling events that are initiated by TPO binding. Upon TPO binding, c-Mpl undergoes dimerization, leading to the activation of associated tyrosine kinases, including JAK2. This activation triggers downstream signaling pathways, such as the STAT pathway, MAPK pathway, and PI3K pathway. These pathways ultimately lead to the transcription of genes involved in megakaryocyte development, maturation, and platelet formation.
In summary, thrombopoietin receptor activity is essential for the regulation of megakaryopoiesis and platelet production. It plays a crucial role in the proliferation, differentiation, maturation, and polyploidization of megakaryocytes, ultimately leading to the formation of platelets. These platelets are essential for hemostasis and other critical biological processes.'
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Proteins (1)

Compounds (4)