interleukin-8 binding

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

Binding to interleukin-8. [GOC:jl]

Interleukin-8 (IL-8), also known as CXCL8, is a chemokine primarily involved in the recruitment and activation of neutrophils, a type of white blood cell. It exerts its effects by binding to two specific G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) on the surface of target cells: CXCR1 and CXCR2. These receptors belong to the rhodopsin-like family of GPCRs, characterized by a seven-transmembrane domain structure. Upon binding to IL-8, these receptors activate intracellular signaling pathways, leading to a cascade of events culminating in neutrophil chemotaxis, activation, and degranulation. The binding of IL-8 to its receptors initiates a conformational change in the receptor, allowing the activation of heterotrimeric G proteins. These G proteins are composed of alpha, beta, and gamma subunits, and the alpha subunit is responsible for mediating downstream signaling events. Specifically, the activated alpha subunit dissociates from the beta and gamma subunits, and can then activate other intracellular signaling molecules, such as phospholipase C (PLC). PLC hydrolyzes phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) into diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol trisphosphate (IP3). DAG activates protein kinase C (PKC), while IP3 triggers the release of calcium ions from intracellular stores. The increase in intracellular calcium levels and the activation of PKC further contribute to the recruitment and activation of neutrophils. IL-8 binding also activates mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and other signaling pathways, leading to the production of inflammatory mediators and the expression of adhesion molecules on the surface of neutrophils. These events facilitate the migration of neutrophils towards the site of inflammation and their interaction with the endothelium. Overall, IL-8 binding to its receptors on neutrophils plays a crucial role in the initiation and amplification of the inflammatory response by promoting neutrophil chemotaxis, activation, and degranulation, thus contributing to the defense against infections and tissue repair.'
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Proteins (2)

Compounds (18)