L-cystine transmembrane transporter activity

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

Enables the transfer of L-cystine from one side of a membrane to the other. [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0198506732, ISBN:0815340729]

L-cystine transmembrane transporter activity is a molecular function that involves the facilitated movement of L-cystine across cell membranes. L-cystine is an oxidized form of cysteine, an essential amino acid that plays a critical role in various biological processes, including protein synthesis, antioxidant defense, and redox regulation. L-cystine transmembrane transporter activity is crucial for maintaining cellular cysteine levels, which are essential for cell survival and function. This activity is mediated by specific proteins known as cystine transporters or cystine/glutamate exchangers. These transporters utilize a variety of mechanisms to facilitate L-cystine transport across the membrane, including coupled transport, where the movement of L-cystine is linked to the movement of another molecule, such as glutamate. The specific mechanism of transport can vary depending on the transporter protein and the cellular context. L-cystine transmembrane transporter activity is a critical process in many physiological systems. For example, it plays a vital role in the uptake of L-cystine from the bloodstream into various cells, including neurons, glial cells, and immune cells. It is also essential for the recycling of L-cystine within cells, ensuring a steady supply of cysteine for cellular processes. Dysregulation of L-cystine transmembrane transporter activity can contribute to a variety of diseases, including neurological disorders, cancer, and metabolic diseases.'
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Proteins (2)

Compounds (8)