Page last updated: 2024-10-24

phenylacetaldehyde dehydrogenase activity

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

Catalysis of the reaction: phenylacetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O = phenylacetate + NADH + H+. [EC:1.2.1.39]

Phenylacetaldehyde dehydrogenase activity is a crucial enzymatic function involved in the metabolism of aromatic compounds, particularly those containing the phenyl group. This activity catalyzes the oxidation of phenylacetaldehyde, a volatile organic compound, to phenylacetic acid. This transformation is significant for several biological processes, including:

1. **Detoxification:** Phenylacetaldehyde is a toxic compound that can be generated by various metabolic pathways. Phenylacetaldehyde dehydrogenase plays a key role in eliminating this toxic compound by converting it into the less harmful phenylacetic acid.

2. **Aromatic Compound Degradation:** Phenylacetaldehyde dehydrogenase is part of the pathway responsible for breaking down aromatic compounds, which are found in many natural products and environmental pollutants. This pathway is essential for the detoxification and utilization of these compounds.

3. **Biosynthesis of Secondary Metabolites:** Phenylacetic acid, the product of phenylacetaldehyde dehydrogenase activity, serves as a precursor for the biosynthesis of various secondary metabolites, including plant hormones and antimicrobial compounds.

The enzyme responsible for this activity, phenylacetaldehyde dehydrogenase, belongs to the aldehyde dehydrogenase family. These enzymes typically utilize NAD+ or NADP+ as cofactors to catalyze the oxidation of aldehydes to their corresponding carboxylic acids.

Phenylacetaldehyde dehydrogenase activity is found in various organisms, including bacteria, fungi, plants, and animals. Its specific role and importance vary depending on the organism and its metabolic pathways.'
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Proteins (1)

ProteinDefinitionTaxonomy
Aldehyde dehydrogenase, mitochondrialAn aldehyde dehydrogenase, mitochondrial that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P05091]Homo sapiens (human)

Compounds (13)

CompoundDefinitionClassesRoles
disulfiramorganic disulfide;
organosulfur acaricide
angiogenesis inhibitor;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 1.2.1.3 [aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD(+))] inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inducer;
fungicide;
NF-kappaB inhibitor
thiramthiram : An organic disulfide that results from the formal oxidative dimerisation of N,N-dimethyldithiocarbamic acid. It is widely used as a fungicidal seed treatment.

Thiram: A dithiocarbamate chemical, used commercially in the rubber processing industry and as a fungicide. In vivo studies indicate that it inactivates the enzyme GLUTATHIONE REDUCTASE. It has mutagenic activity and may induce chromosomal aberrations.
organic disulfideantibacterial drug;
antifungal agrochemical;
antiseptic drug
bis(1-piperidylthiocarbonyl)disulfidebis(1-piperidylthiocarbonyl)disulfide: indicator for analysis of copper; structure
win 18446WIN 18446 : A carboxamide that is 1,8-diaminooctane in which a hydrogen attached to each of the amino groups has been replaced by a dichloroacetyl group. Inhibitor of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1a2 (ALDH1a2). Inhibits the biosynthesis of retinoic acid from retinol in neonatal and adult murine testis. It down-regulates sex related genes in zebrafish.organochlorine compound;
secondary carboxamide
EC 1.2.1.3 [aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD(+))] inhibitor
4-(diethylamino)benzaldehyde4-(diethylamino)benzaldehyde : A member of the class of benzaldehydes carrying a diethylamino substituent at position 4.aromatic amine;
benzaldehydes;
tertiary amino compound
EC 1.2.1.3 [aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD(+))] inhibitor
magnololbiphenyls
daidzindaidzein 7-O-beta-D-glucoside : A glycosyloxyisoflavone that is daidzein attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage. It is used in the treatment of alcohol dependency (antidipsotropic).

daidzin: a potent, selective, and reversible inhibitor of human mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase
7-hydroxyisoflavones 7-O-beta-D-glucoside;
hydroxyisoflavone;
monosaccharide derivative
plant metabolite
ononin4'-methoxyisoflavones;
7-hydroxyisoflavones 7-O-beta-D-glucoside;
monosaccharide derivative
plant metabolite
7-butyl-8-[[4-(3-chlorophenyl)-1-piperazinyl]methyl]-1,3-dimethylpurine-2,6-dionepiperazines
n-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-ylmethyl)-2,6-dichlorobenzamideN-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-ylmethyl)-2,6-dichlorobenzamide: Cardioprotective Agent; a small-molecule activator of aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 that reduces ischemic damage to the heartcarbonyl compound;
organohalogen compound
daidzein7-hydroxyisoflavonesantineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.7.7 (DNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor;
EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor;
phytoestrogen;
plant metabolite
prunetinprunetin : A hydroxyisoflavone that is genistein in which the hydroxy group at position 7 is replaced by a methoxy group.

prunetin: reduces herpes virus-1 plaque formation
7-methoxyisoflavones;
hydroxyisoflavone
anti-inflammatory agent;
EC 1.2.1.3 [aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD(+))] inhibitor;
EC 1.3.1.22 [3-oxo-5alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase (NADP(+))] inhibitor;
metabolite
4'-hydroxychalcone4'-hydroxychalcone : A member of the class of chalcones that is trans-chalcone substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4'.

4'-hydroxychalcone: inhibits TNFalpha-induced NF-κB activation; structure in first source
chalcones;
phenols
anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent