Target type: molecularfunction
Catalysis of the reaction: FMNH2 + NAD(P)+ = FMN + NAD(P)H + H+. This reaction can utilize NADH and NADPH with similar reaction rates. [EC:1.5.1.39]
FMN reductase (NAD(P)H) is an enzyme that catalyzes the reduction of flavin mononucleotide (FMN) to FMNH2 using NADH or NADPH as the electron donor. This enzyme plays a critical role in various metabolic pathways by providing reduced FMN, a crucial cofactor for many enzymes involved in redox reactions.
The catalytic mechanism of FMN reductase (NAD(P)H) typically involves the following steps:
1. **Binding of NAD(P)H:** The enzyme first binds NADH or NADPH, which acts as the electron donor. The binding site for NAD(P)H is often located near the FAD binding site.
2. **Hydride transfer:** The NAD(P)H donates a hydride ion (H-) to the FAD cofactor of the enzyme, reducing it to FADH2.
3. **FMN reduction:** The reduced FADH2 then transfers electrons to FMN, reducing it to FMNH2. This transfer occurs via a direct interaction between the FAD and FMN molecules.
4. **Release of NAD(P)+ and FMNH2:** After the transfer, NAD(P)+ is released from the enzyme, and FMNH2 is released as a product.
FMN reductase (NAD(P)H) is found in various organisms, including bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes. The specific functions of this enzyme vary depending on the organism and the metabolic pathways it is involved in. In general, FMN reductase (NAD(P)H) plays essential roles in:
* **Redox reactions:** Providing reduced FMN for various enzymes involved in redox reactions, such as those in the electron transport chain.
* **Biosynthesis:** Participating in the biosynthesis of various compounds, including vitamins and coenzymes.
* **Detoxification:** Contributing to the detoxification of reactive oxygen species and xenobiotics.
* **Cellular signaling:** Involved in signaling pathways that regulate cellular processes, such as growth and development.'
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| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| Flavin reductase (NADPH) | A flavin reductase that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P30043] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| erythrosine | Fluoresceins: A family of spiro(isobenzofuran-1(3H),9'-(9H)xanthen)-3-one derivatives. These are used as dyes, as indicators for various metals, and as fluorescent labels in immunoassays. | ||
| sulfasalazine | sulfasalazine : An azobenzene consisting of diphenyldiazene having a carboxy substituent at the 4-position, a hydroxy substituent at the 3-position and a 2-pyridylaminosulphonyl substituent at the 4'-position. Sulfasalazine: A drug that is used in the management of inflammatory bowel diseases. Its activity is generally considered to lie in its metabolic breakdown product, 5-aminosalicylic acid (see MESALAMINE) released in the colon. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p907) | ||
| olsalazine | olsalazine : An azobenzene that consists of two molecules of 4-aminosalicylic acid joined by an azo linkage. A prodrug for mesalazine, an anti-inflammatory drug, it is used (as the disodium salt) in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. olsalazine: cpd with 2 salicylate molecules linked together by an azo bond | azobenzenes; dicarboxylic acid | non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; prodrug |
| tamibarotene | tamibarotene : A dicarboxylic acid monoamide resulting from the condensation of one of the carboxy groups of terephthalic acid with the amino group of 5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-amine. tamibarotene: has retinoid-binding activity | dicarboxylic acid monoamide; retinoid; tetralins | antineoplastic agent; retinoic acid receptor alpha/beta agonist |
| febuxostat | febuxostat : A 1,3-thiazolemonocarboxylic acid that is 4-methyl-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid which is substituted by a 3-cyano-4-(2-methylpropoxy)phenyl group at position 2. It is an orally-active, potent, and selective xanthine oxidase inhibitor used for the treatment of chronic hyperuricaemia in patients with gout. Febuxostat: A thiazole derivative and inhibitor of XANTHINE OXIDASE that is used for the treatment of HYPERURICEMIA in patients with chronic GOUT. | 1,3-thiazolemonocarboxylic acid; aromatic ether; nitrile | EC 1.17.3.2 (xanthine oxidase) inhibitor |
| deferasirox | deferasirox : A member of the class of triazoles, deferasirox is 1,2,4-triazole substituted by a 4-carboxyphenyl group at position 1 and by 2-hydroxyphenyl groups at positions 3 and 5. An orally active iron chelator, it is used to manage chronic iron overload in patients receiving long-term blood transfusions. Deferasirox: A triazole and benzoate derivative that acts as a selective iron chelator. It is used in the management of chronic IRON OVERLOAD due to blood transfusion or non-transfusion dependent THALASSEMIA. | benzoic acids; monocarboxylic acid; phenols; triazoles | iron chelator |
| ptc 124 | oxadiazole; ring assembly |