fructose transmembrane transporter activity
Definition
Target type: molecularfunction
Enables the transfer of fructose from one side of a membrane to the other. Fructose exists in a open chain form or as a ring compound. D-fructose is the sweetest of the sugars and is found free in a large number of fruits and honey. [GOC:ai, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729]
Fructose transmembrane transporter activity is a crucial biological process that enables the movement of fructose across cell membranes. This transport is essential for the uptake of fructose from the bloodstream into cells, where it can be used for energy production or stored as glycogen. Fructose transporters are integral membrane proteins that facilitate the passive diffusion of fructose down its concentration gradient. This means that fructose moves from an area of high concentration (such as the bloodstream) to an area of low concentration (such as the inside of a cell).
The molecular mechanism of fructose transport involves the binding of fructose to a specific site on the transporter protein. This binding event triggers a conformational change in the transporter, opening a channel through the membrane and allowing fructose to pass through. Once fructose has moved across the membrane, it dissociates from the transporter, allowing the transporter to return to its original conformation and bind another fructose molecule.
Several different types of fructose transporters have been identified in various organisms, each with its unique structure, tissue distribution, and kinetic properties. These transporters play critical roles in various physiological processes, including glucose metabolism, fructose homeostasis, and the absorption of dietary fructose.
Defects in fructose transporter activity can lead to various metabolic disorders, such as fructose intolerance, which is characterized by an inability to properly metabolize fructose. Understanding the molecular function of fructose transmembrane transporter activity is crucial for developing therapeutic strategies to treat these disorders.
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Proteins (3)
| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| Solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 9 | A solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 9 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q9NRM0] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 3 | A solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 3 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P11169] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 2 | A solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 2 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P11168] | Homo sapiens (human) |
Compounds (5)
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| orotic acid | orotic acid : A pyrimidinemonocarboxylic acid that is uracil bearing a carboxy substituent at position C-6. Orotic Acid: An intermediate product in PYRIMIDINE synthesis which plays a role in chemical conversions between DIHYDROFOLATE and TETRAHYDROFOLATE. | pyrimidinemonocarboxylic acid | Escherichia coli metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| uric acid | 6-hydroxy-1H-purine-2,8(7H,9H)-dione : A tautomer of uric acid having oxo groups at C-2 and C-8 and a hydroxy group at C-6. 7,9-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6,8(3H)-trione : An oxopurine in which the purine ring is substituted by oxo groups at positions 2, 6, and 8. uric acid : An oxopurine that is the final oxidation product of purine metabolism. Uric Acid: An oxidation product, via XANTHINE OXIDASE, of oxypurines such as XANTHINE and HYPOXANTHINE. It is the final oxidation product of purine catabolism in humans and primates, whereas in most other mammals URATE OXIDASE further oxidizes it to ALLANTOIN. | uric acid | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| quercetin | 7-hydroxyflavonol; pentahydroxyflavone | antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; Aurora kinase inhibitor; chelator; EC 1.10.99.2 [ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor; geroprotector; phytoestrogen; plant metabolite; protein kinase inhibitor; radical scavenger | |
| myricetin | 7-hydroxyflavonol; hexahydroxyflavone | antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; food component; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent; plant metabolite | |
| cytochalasin b | cytochalasin B : An organic heterotricyclic compound, that is a mycotoxin which is cell permeable an an inhibitor of cytoplasmic division by blocking the formation of contractile microfilaments. Cytochalasin B: A cytotoxic member of the CYTOCHALASINS. | cytochalasin; lactam; lactone; organic heterotricyclic compound | actin polymerisation inhibitor; metabolite; mycotoxin; platelet aggregation inhibitor |