methionine-tRNA ligase activity
Definition
Target type: molecularfunction
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-methionine + tRNA(Met) = AMP + diphosphate + L-methionyl-tRNA(Met). [EC:6.1.1.10]
Methionine-tRNA ligase (MetRS) catalyzes the attachment of methionine (Met) to its cognate tRNA, tRNA(Met), in a two-step reaction. First, MetRS activates Met by forming a Met-adenylate intermediate, which requires ATP hydrolysis. Second, MetRS transfers the activated Met from Met-adenylate to the 3'-end of tRNA(Met) to form Met-tRNA(Met), releasing AMP. This reaction requires a specific recognition of both Met and tRNA(Met) by MetRS. MetRS ensures accurate translation initiation by providing the initiator tRNA, tRNA(iMet), charged with Met for the start codon AUG. In eukaryotes, MetRS also plays a role in the aminoacylation of tRNA(Met) with Met, which is used in elongation during protein synthesis. The molecular function of MetRS is critical for the fidelity of protein synthesis and the proper functioning of all living organisms.'
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Proteins (2)
| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| Methionine--tRNA ligase, mitochondrial | A methionyl-tRNA synthetase, mitochondrial that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q96GW9] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Methionine--tRNA ligase, mitochondrial | A methionyl-tRNA synthetase, mitochondrial that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q96GW9] | Homo sapiens (human) |
Compounds (1)
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| chloramphenicol | Amphenicol: Chloramphenicol and its derivatives. | C-nitro compound; carboxamide; diol; organochlorine compound | antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite; protein synthesis inhibitor |