hyalurononglucosaminidase activity

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

Catalysis of the random hydrolysis of (1->4) linkages between N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine and D-glucuronate residues in hyaluronate. [EC:3.2.1.35]

Hyalurononglucosaminidase activity, also known as hyaluronidase activity, involves the hydrolysis of hyaluronic acid, a major component of the extracellular matrix. This enzymatic activity breaks down hyaluronic acid by cleaving the β-1,4-glycosidic bonds between glucuronic acid and N-acetylglucosamine residues. The result is the depolymerization of hyaluronic acid into smaller fragments, which can be further degraded by other enzymes. This process is crucial for various physiological functions, including:

* **Tissue remodeling and repair:** Hyalurononglucosaminidase activity is essential for tissue remodeling during development, wound healing, and inflammation. It facilitates the breakdown of hyaluronic acid, allowing for the migration of cells and the formation of new tissue.

* **Cell migration and proliferation:** The degradation of hyaluronic acid by hyalurononglucosaminidase activity creates space for cell migration and proliferation. This is particularly important during embryonic development, wound healing, and tumor growth.

* **Inflammation and immune response:** Hyalurononglucosaminidase activity plays a role in the inflammatory response. It releases fragments of hyaluronic acid that act as signaling molecules, attracting immune cells to the site of inflammation.

* **Viral and bacterial infection:** Some viruses and bacteria produce hyalurononglucosaminidase activity to degrade hyaluronic acid in the host tissues, allowing them to spread and invade.

* **Tumor metastasis:** Hyalurononglucosaminidase activity can contribute to tumor metastasis by degrading the extracellular matrix, allowing cancer cells to detach from the primary tumor and spread to other parts of the body.

Hyalurononglucosaminidase activity is regulated by various factors, including pH, temperature, and the presence of inhibitors. Dysregulation of this activity can lead to various pathological conditions, such as arthritis, cancer, and infections.

Therefore, hyalurononglucosaminidase activity is a crucial process involved in a wide range of biological functions, from tissue remodeling and cell migration to inflammation and infection.'
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Proteins (3)

Compounds (8)