DNA nucleotidylexotransferase activity

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

Catalysis of the reaction: deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNA(n) = diphosphate + DNA(n+1). [EC:2.7.7.31]

DNA nucleotidylexotransferase activity, also known as DNA polymerase exonuclease activity, refers to the enzymatic ability to remove nucleotides from the end of a DNA strand. This activity is crucial for maintaining the integrity and fidelity of DNA replication and repair. DNA nucleotidylexotransferases are commonly found in DNA polymerases, acting as a proofreading mechanism to correct errors introduced during DNA synthesis. They work by recognizing mismatched or damaged nucleotides at the 3' end of the growing DNA strand. Once identified, the enzyme excises the incorrect nucleotide, allowing the polymerase to insert the correct base in its place. This process ensures the accuracy of DNA replication and prevents the accumulation of mutations that could lead to disease. In addition to their role in proofreading, DNA nucleotidylexotransferases also participate in DNA repair pathways. For example, they can remove damaged nucleotides from the 3' end of a broken DNA strand, enabling the repair machinery to rejoin the ends and restore the DNA molecule. Overall, DNA nucleotidylexotransferase activity plays a vital role in maintaining the integrity and fidelity of DNA replication and repair, contributing to the stability of the genome.'
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Proteins (1)

Compounds (3)