9+0 non-motile cilium
Definition
Target type: cellularcomponent
A non-motile cilium where the axoneme has a ring of nine outer microtubule doublets but no central microtubules (and is therefore called a 9+0 axoneme). [GOC:cilia, PMID:22118931]
The 9+0 non-motile cilium is a microtubule-based organelle found in a variety of eukaryotic cells. It is characterized by its unique structural arrangement, consisting of nine outer microtubule doublets, each composed of an A and B tubule, but lacking the central pair of microtubules present in motile cilia. The absence of the central pair is the defining feature of the 9+0 arrangement, and it is believed to contribute to the non-motile nature of these cilia.
The microtubules of the 9+0 non-motile cilium are anchored to the cell's cytoskeleton via a structure called the basal body. The basal body is a modified centriole that acts as the organizing center for cilium assembly. The microtubules extend outward from the basal body and are arranged in a ring-like structure, creating the characteristic 9+0 configuration.
The 9+0 non-motile cilium is often associated with sensory functions. It is involved in the detection of various stimuli, including light, chemicals, and mechanical forces. These cilia are also thought to play a role in cell signaling and communication.
The cellular component of a 9+0 non-motile cilium includes:
* **Microtubule Doublets:** The nine microtubule doublets are the core structural components of the cilium.
* **Basal Body:** The basal body serves as the anchoring point and organizing center for the microtubules.
* **Ciliary Membrane:** The membrane that encloses the cilium, separating it from the surrounding cytoplasm.
* **Axoneme:** The microtubule-based core structure of the cilium.
* **Intraflagellar Transport (IFT) Machinery:** A complex of proteins responsible for the transport of materials within the cilium, essential for its assembly, maintenance, and function.
* **Sensory Proteins:** Specialized proteins embedded in the ciliary membrane or associated with the microtubules, involved in detecting stimuli and initiating signaling cascades.
The specific composition and function of the 9+0 non-motile cilium can vary depending on the cell type and its role in the organism.'
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Proteins (1)
| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| Smoothened homolog | A protein smoothened that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q99835] | Homo sapiens (human) |
Compounds (15)
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| cyclopamine | piperidines | glioma-associated oncogene inhibitor | |
| pd 173955 | PD 173955: inhibits src family-selective tyrosine kinase; structure in first source | aryl sulfide; dichlorobenzene; methyl sulfide; pyridopyrimidine | tyrosine kinase inhibitor |
| purmorphamine | purmorphamine : A member of the class of purines that is purine substituted at C-2 by a 1-naphthyloxy group, at C-4 by a 4-morpholinophenylamino group, and at N-9 by a cyclohexyl group. purmorphamine: structure in first source | aromatic ether; morpholines; purines; secondary amino compound | osteogenesis regulator; SMO receptor agonist |
| cur 61414 | CUR 61414: inhibits the hedehog signaling pathway; structure in first source | ||
| abt 869 | aromatic amine; indazoles; phenylureas | angiogenesis inhibitor; antineoplastic agent; EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor | |
| lde225 | sonidegib : A member of the classo of biphenyls that is the amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 2-methyl-4'-(trifluoromethoxy)[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-carboxylic acid with the amino group of 6-(2,6-dimethylmorpholin-4-yl)pyridin-3-amine. Used (as its phosphate salt) for treatment of locally advanced basal cell carcinoma. sonidegib: specific Smoothened/Smo antagonist | aminopyridine; aromatic ether; benzamides; biphenyls; morpholines; organofluorine compound; tertiary amino compound | antineoplastic agent; Hedgehog signaling pathway inhibitor; SMO receptor antagonist |
| gdc 0449 | HhAntag691: inhibits the hedgehog pathway and ABC transporters; has antineoplastic activity | benzamides; monochlorobenzenes; pyridines; sulfone | antineoplastic agent; Hedgehog signaling pathway inhibitor; SMO receptor antagonist; teratogenic agent |
| N-[[3-fluoro-4-[[2-(1-methyl-4-imidazolyl)-7-thieno[3,2-b]pyridinyl]oxy]anilino]-sulfanylidenemethyl]-2-phenylacetamide | thioureas | ||
| ipi-926 | IPI-926: a semisynthetic derivative of cyclopamine that is a smoothened inhibitor with antineoplastic activity; structure in first source | piperidines | |
| gsk 1363089 | GSK 1363089: a multikinase inhibitor that acts on Met, RON, Axl, and VEGFR; structure in first source | aromatic ether | |
| tak-441 | TAK-441: structure in first source | ||
| ly2940680 | |||
| 3-(2,6-dichloro-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-(6-(4-(4-ethylpiperazin-1-yl)-phenylamino)pyrimidin-4-yl)-1-methylurea | BGJ-398 : A member of the class of phenylureas that is urea in which a hydrogen attached to one of the nitrogens is replaced by a 2,6-dichloro-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl group, while the hydrogens attached to the other nitrogen are replaced by a methyl group and a 6-{[4-(4-ethylpiperazin-1-yl)phenyl]amino}pyrimidin-4-yl group. It is a potent and selective fibroblast growth factor receptor inhibitor. infigratinib: structure in first source | aminopyrimidine; dichlorobenzene; N-alkylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine; phenylureas | antineoplastic agent; fibroblast growth factor receptor antagonist |
| cep-32496 | agerafenib: inhibitor of RAF family kinases; structure in first source | ||
| pf-5274857 | 1-(4-(5'-chloro-3,5-dimethyl-2,4'-bipyridin-2'-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-3-(methylsulfonyl)propan-1-one: a potent and selective Smoothened antagonist that penetrates the blood-brain barrier; structure in first source |