aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase multienzyme complex
Definition
Target type: cellularcomponent
A multienzyme complex found in all multicellular eukaryotes composed of eight proteins with aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase activities (abbreviated as: ArgRS, AspRS, GluProRS, GlnRS, IleRS, LeuRS, LysRS, MetRS where RS is the enzyme, preceded by the amino acid it uses as a substrate) as well as three non-synthetase proteins (p43, p38, and p18) with diverse functions. Several of these subunits are known dimers, so the total polypeptide count in the multisynthetase complex is at least fifteen. All of the enzymes in this assembly catalyze the same reaction, the covalent attachment of an amino acid to either the 2'- or 3'-hydroxyl of the 3'-terminal adenosine of tRNA, but using different substrates. [GOC:jl, PMID:16169847]
The aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase multienzyme complex is a large protein complex that plays a crucial role in protein synthesis. This complex is responsible for the attachment of amino acids to their corresponding tRNA molecules, a process known as aminoacylation. The complex is typically located in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells, and its structure is highly dynamic and can vary depending on the specific cellular conditions. The complex is comprised of multiple subunits, each of which is responsible for the recognition and attachment of a specific amino acid to its corresponding tRNA. These subunits are typically organized in a modular fashion, with each subunit having a distinct structure and function. The complex also contains a number of accessory proteins, which help to regulate the activity of the complex and ensure proper aminoacylation. These proteins include chaperones, which help to fold the complex into its active conformation, and regulatory proteins, which can activate or inhibit the activity of the complex. The aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase multienzyme complex is essential for protein synthesis, and mutations in the genes encoding the subunits of the complex can lead to a variety of human diseases. These diseases are often characterized by defects in protein synthesis and can affect a wide range of tissues and organs.'
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Proteins (2)
| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| Lysine--tRNA ligase | A eukaryotic-type lysine--tRNA ligase that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q15046] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Bifunctional glutamate/proline--tRNA ligase | A bifunctional glutamate/proline--tRNA ligase that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx] | Homo sapiens (human) |
Compounds (8)
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| imatinib | aromatic amine; benzamides; N-methylpiperazine; pyridines; pyrimidines | antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; tyrosine kinase inhibitor | |
| cinchophen | cinchophen: was heading 1963-94; ACIPHENOCHINOLIUM was see CHINOPHEN 1978-94; use QUINOLINES to search CINCHOPHEN 1966-94 | quinolines | |
| staurosporine | indolocarbazole alkaloid; organic heterooctacyclic compound | apoptosis inducer; bacterial metabolite; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor; geroprotector | |
| dehydroabietic acid | dehydroabietate : A monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of dehydroabietic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group. dehydroabietic acid : An abietane diterpenoid that is abieta-8,11,13-triene substituted at position 18 by a carboxy group. dehydroabietic acid: major aquatic toxicant in effluent of pulp and paper mills | abietane diterpenoid; carbotricyclic compound; monocarboxylic acid | allergen; metabolite |
| crizotinib | crizotinib : A 3-[1-(2,6-dichloro-3-fluorophenyl)ethoxy]-5-[1-(piperidin-4-yl)pyrazol-4-yl]pyridin-2-amine that has R configuration at the chiral centre. The active enantiomer, it acts as a kinase inhibitor and is used for the treatment of patients with locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) Crizotinib: A piperidine and aminopyridine derivative that acts as an inhibitor of RECEPTOR PROTEIN-TYROSINE KINASES, including ANAPLASTIC LYMPHOMA KINASE (ALK) and HEPATOCYTE GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR (HGFR; c-Met). It is used in the treatment of NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER. | 3-[1-(2,6-dichloro-3-fluorophenyl)ethoxy]-5-[1-(piperidin-4-yl)pyrazol-4-yl]pyridin-2-amine | antineoplastic agent; biomarker; EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor |
| cladosporin | cladosporin: antifungal metabolite from Cladosporium cladosporioides; toxic, minor metabolite of Aspersillus flavus; inhibits tRNA synthetase in Plasmodium falciparum | ||
| dehydroabietinol | dehydroabietinol: Isolated from Hyptis suaveolens; structure in first source | abietane diterpenoid; carbotricyclic compound | |
| nvp-tae684 | piperidines |