Target type: cellularcomponent
The Golgi cisterna farthest from the endoplasmic reticulum; the final processing compartment through which proteins pass before exiting the Golgi apparatus; the compartment in which N-linked protein glycosylation is completed. [ISBN:0815316194]
The Golgi trans cisterna is the final compartment of the Golgi apparatus, a complex organelle that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids destined for various cellular locations. It is characterized by its flattened, disc-like structure stacked upon one another. The trans cisterna is located at the trans-face of the Golgi, opposite the cis-face, which is closer to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). This compartment is distinguished by its specialized protein content and the presence of enzymes that perform final modifications and sorting of cargo molecules. It is the site of phosphorylation, sulfation, and glycosylation of proteins, and it also houses enzymes responsible for the synthesis of sphingolipids and glycosphingolipids. Importantly, the trans cisterna contains the trans-Golgi network (TGN), a region with a more tubular appearance that acts as a central sorting station. Here, proteins and lipids are packaged into vesicles destined for various cellular destinations, including lysosomes, endosomes, the plasma membrane, and the extracellular space. The trans cisterna plays a crucial role in maintaining cellular homeostasis by controlling the distribution of newly synthesized molecules and ensuring their correct delivery to their designated locations.'
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| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| Beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase 1 | [no definition available] | Bos taurus (cattle) |
| Phosphatidylcholine:ceramide cholinephosphotransferase 1 | A phosphatidylcholine:ceramide cholinephosphotransferase 1 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q86VZ5] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Beta-galactoside alpha-2,6-sialyltransferase 1 | A beta-galactoside alpha-2,6-sialyltransferase 1 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P15907] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| uridine diphosphate galactose | UDP-alpha-D-galactose : A UDP-D-galactose in which the anomeric centre of the galactose moiety has alpha-configuration. Uridine Diphosphate Galactose: A nucleoside diphosphate sugar which can be epimerized into UDPglucose for entry into the mainstream of carbohydrate metabolism. Serves as a source of galactose in the synthesis of lipopolysaccharides, cerebrosides, and lactose. | UDP-D-galactose | mouse metabolite |
| malabaricone c | malabaricone C: from maize (Myristica fragrans); structure given in first source | butanone | metabolite |
| malabaricone b | malabaricone B: from maize (Myristica fragrans); structure given in first source | ||
| malabaricone a | malabaricone A: from Myristica malabarica (rampatri), has antipromastigote activity; structure in first source | ||
| cytidine monophosphate n-acetylneuraminic acid | CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminic acid : A nucleotide sugar used as a donor by glycosyltransferases for the synthesis of sugar chains Cytidine Monophosphate N-Acetylneuraminic Acid: A nucleoside monophosphate sugar which donates N-acetylneuraminic acid to the terminal sugar of a ganglioside or glycoprotein. | CMP-N-acyl-beta-neuraminic acid | mouse metabolite |
| ginkgolic acid | hydroxybenzoic acid |