biofilm matrix disassembly
Definition
Target type: biologicalprocess
A process that results in the disassembly of a biofilm matrix. [GOC:mah]
Biofilm matrix disassembly is a complex process that involves the breakdown of the extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) that holds biofilm communities together. This process is essential for the dispersal of bacteria from biofilms, allowing them to colonize new environments and spread. Biofilm matrix disassembly can occur through both enzymatic and non-enzymatic mechanisms.
Enzymatic mechanisms involve the production and secretion of specific enzymes by bacteria within the biofilm. These enzymes target different components of the EPS, including polysaccharides, proteins, and DNA. For example, dispersin B is an enzyme produced by some bacteria that specifically degrades the polysaccharide component of the EPS.
Non-enzymatic mechanisms of biofilm matrix disassembly include changes in environmental conditions, such as pH, temperature, and nutrient availability. These changes can disrupt the structural integrity of the EPS, leading to its breakdown. For instance, a sudden decrease in nutrient availability can trigger the production of dispersal factors, which promote biofilm detachment.
In addition to these mechanisms, various other factors can influence biofilm matrix disassembly. These include quorum sensing, where bacteria communicate with each other using chemical signals, and the presence of other microorganisms in the biofilm community.
Biofilm matrix disassembly is a highly regulated process that is essential for the survival and spread of bacteria. Understanding the mechanisms underlying this process is crucial for developing strategies to control biofilm formation in various settings, including medical devices, industrial systems, and environmental habitats.'
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Proteins (1)
| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| Cathepsin G | A cathepsin G that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P08311] | Homo sapiens (human) |
Compounds (16)
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| 3,4-dichloroisocoumarin | 3,4-dichloroisocoumarin : A member of the class of isocoumarins that is isocoumarin substituted by chloro groups at positions 3 and 4. It is a serine protease inhibitor. | isocoumarins; organochlorine compound | geroprotector; serine protease inhibitor |
| triamterene | triamterene : Pteridine substituted at positions 2, 4 and 7 with amino groups and at position 6 with a phenyl group. A sodium channel blocker, it is used as a diuretic in the treatment of hypertension and oedema. Triamterene: A pteridinetriamine compound that inhibits SODIUM reabsorption through SODIUM CHANNELS in renal EPITHELIAL CELLS. | pteridines | diuretic; sodium channel blocker |
| aloxistatin | aloxistatin : An L-leucine derivative that is the amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of (2S,3S)-3-(ethoxycarbonyl)oxirane-2-carboxylic acid with the amino group of N-(3-methylbutyl)-L-leucinamide. aloxistatin: a membrane-permeable cysteine protease inhibitor | epoxide; ethyl ester; L-leucine derivative; monocarboxylic acid amide | anticoronaviral agent; cathepsin B inhibitor |
| zpck | ZPCK: alkylates histidine residue at active center of bovine chymotrypsin | ||
| sivelestat | sivelestat: inhibitor of neutrophil elastase; structure given in first source | N-acylglycine; pivalate ester | |
| foy 251 | 4-(4-guanidinobenzoyloxy)phenylacetic acid: RN given refers to monomethanesulfonate | ||
| 1-hydroxy-2-methylanthraquinone | 1-hydroxy-2-methyl-9,10-anthraquinone : A member of the class of hydroxyanthraquinones that is anthracene-9,10-dione substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1 and a methyl group at position 2. It has been isolated from the roots of Rubia yunnanensis. 1-hydroxy-2-methylanthraquinone: from root of Prismatomeris tetrandra | monohydroxyanthraquinone | plant metabolite |
| pefabloc | |||
| bortezomib | amino acid amide; L-phenylalanine derivative; pyrazines | antineoplastic agent; antiprotozoal drug; protease inhibitor; proteasome inhibitor | |
| tosylphenylalanyl chloromethyl ketone | N-tosyl-L-phenylalanyl chloromethyl ketone : The N-tosyl derivative of L-phenylalanyl chloromethyl ketone. Tosylphenylalanyl Chloromethyl Ketone: An inhibitor of Serine Endopeptidases. Acts as alkylating agent and is known to interfere with the translation process. | alpha-chloroketone; sulfonamide | alkylating agent; serine proteinase inhibitor |
| camostat mesylate | methanesulfonate salt | anti-inflammatory agent; anticoronaviral agent; antifibrinolytic drug; antihypertensive agent; antineoplastic agent; antiviral agent; serine protease inhibitor | |
| benzyloxycarbonyl-phe-ala-fluormethylketone | cathepsin B inhibitor : A cysteine protease inhibitor which inhibits cathepsin B (EC 3.4.22.1). | ||
| guttiferone a | guttiferone A: antibacterial from Clusiaceae family; structure in first source | ||
| carfilzomib | epoxide; morpholines; tetrapeptide | antineoplastic agent; proteasome inhibitor | |
| delanzomib | C-terminal boronic acid peptide; phenylpyridine; secondary alcohol; threonine derivative | antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; proteasome inhibitor | |
| 6-(3,5-difluoroanilino)-9-(2,2-difluoroethyl)-2-purinecarbonitrile | 6-aminopurines |