L-lysine import across plasma membrane

Definition

Target type: biologicalprocess

The directed movement of L-lysine from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol. [GOC:krc, PMID:8195186]

L-lysine import across the plasma membrane is a complex process involving multiple membrane proteins and cellular mechanisms. Lysine, an essential amino acid, is crucial for protein synthesis, collagen production, and other vital functions.

The import of L-lysine into cells is facilitated by a specific transporter protein called the **lysine transporter (LAT)**. This transporter is a member of the **system L amino acid transporter family** and is characterized by its ability to transport a wide range of neutral amino acids, including lysine, leucine, isoleucine, and valine.

The transport process begins with the binding of L-lysine to the LAT protein on the external surface of the plasma membrane. This binding event initiates a conformational change in the transporter, exposing the lysine-binding site to the intracellular environment. The movement of lysine across the membrane is driven by the **concentration gradient**, meaning that lysine moves from an area of high concentration (outside the cell) to an area of low concentration (inside the cell).

The import of lysine is further regulated by several factors, including the **availability of other amino acids** and the **cellular energy status**. For instance, if the cell is already rich in lysine, the import of additional lysine may be reduced. Conversely, if the cell is actively synthesizing proteins, the import of lysine may be increased.

Moreover, the transport process is influenced by the **pH gradient** across the membrane. The optimal pH for lysine transport is around 7.4, which is close to the physiological pH of the extracellular environment.

In summary, the import of L-lysine across the plasma membrane is a complex and tightly regulated process that involves a specific transporter protein, concentration gradients, cellular energy status, and other factors. This process is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis and ensuring the availability of lysine for protein synthesis and other vital functions.'
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Proteins (1)

Compounds (2)