oxidation-dependent protein catabolic process

Definition

Target type: biologicalprocess

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the oxidation of one or more amino acid residues in the protein. [GOC:mah]

Oxidation-dependent protein catabolic process is a crucial biological pathway that involves the degradation of proteins through oxidative modifications. This process begins with the modification of protein amino acids by reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide radicals, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl radicals. These modifications can include oxidation of amino acid side chains, leading to the formation of carbonyl groups, disulfide bonds, or other modifications that alter protein structure and function. Oxidative modifications can also lead to the fragmentation of proteins, generating peptides and amino acids. Once proteins are modified, they become targets for proteolytic enzymes called proteases, which break down the modified proteins into smaller peptides and amino acids. The degradation of oxidized proteins helps to remove damaged or misfolded proteins from the cell, preventing their accumulation and potential toxic effects. This process is also involved in the regulation of cellular processes, such as protein turnover, cell signaling, and apoptosis. Furthermore, oxidation-dependent protein catabolic process plays a role in various physiological and pathological conditions, including aging, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer.'
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Proteins (1)

Compounds (1)