fat pad development

Definition

Target type: biologicalprocess

The progression of a fat pad from its initial formation to its mature structure. A fat pad is an accumulation of adipose tissue. [GOC:dph]

Fat pad development is a complex biological process involving the coordinated interplay of various cell types and signaling pathways. It begins with the specification of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the embryonic mesoderm, which are primed to differentiate into adipocytes, the primary cell type of fat pads. These MSCs undergo a series of developmental steps, including proliferation, migration, and terminal differentiation, ultimately forming mature fat cells.

The process of fat pad development is tightly regulated by a variety of signaling molecules, including growth factors, hormones, and transcription factors. Among these, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) plays a crucial role in stimulating MSC proliferation and differentiation. Other important signaling pathways involved include the Wnt, Hedgehog, and PPAR-gamma pathways.

During adipogenesis, MSCs undergo a series of morphological and metabolic changes. They accumulate large lipid droplets, which are essentially stored energy in the form of triglycerides. This accumulation of lipids is facilitated by the expression of specific genes involved in lipid biosynthesis and uptake, such as lipoprotein lipase (LPL).

Fat pad development is not solely driven by adipocyte differentiation; it also involves the formation of a vascular network that supplies oxygen and nutrients to the growing fat tissue. Angiogenesis, the process of blood vessel formation, is essential for the proper development and function of fat pads.

The size and distribution of fat pads vary across different tissues and organs, and their development is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. For example, the size and distribution of subcutaneous fat, which lies beneath the skin, are influenced by factors such as diet, exercise, and hormonal status.

Overall, fat pad development is a complex and dynamic process that is essential for energy storage, insulation, and other physiological functions. Understanding this process is crucial for developing therapeutic strategies for obesity and other metabolic disorders.'
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Proteins (2)

Compounds (10)