lactic acid secretion

Definition

Target type: biologicalprocess

The controlled release of lactic acid, 2-hydroxypropanoic acid, by a cell or a tissue. [GOC:ai]

Lactic acid secretion is a crucial biological process that occurs in various tissues, particularly in skeletal muscle during intense physical activity. It involves the generation and release of lactic acid, a byproduct of anaerobic glycolysis. Anaerobic glycolysis is a metabolic pathway that allows cells to produce energy (ATP) in the absence of oxygen. When oxygen supply is limited, pyruvate, the end product of glycolysis, is converted to lactate by the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase.

This conversion serves two primary purposes:
1. It regenerates NAD+, a crucial coenzyme needed for glycolysis to continue, ensuring a continuous supply of ATP.
2. It removes excess hydrogen ions (H+) from the cytoplasm, preventing a buildup of acidity.

Lactic acid produced in the muscle cells diffuses out into the bloodstream, where it can be transported to other tissues, such as the liver. In the liver, lactate can be converted back to glucose through a process called gluconeogenesis, providing a source of energy for other tissues.

The secretion of lactic acid into the bloodstream plays a vital role in maintaining energy homeostasis during strenuous exercise. However, excessive lactate accumulation can lead to fatigue, muscle soreness, and even metabolic acidosis. The body has various mechanisms to remove and utilize lactate, such as the Cori cycle and the lactate shuttle. These processes help to mitigate the effects of lactate accumulation and maintain overall metabolic balance.'
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Proteins (1)

Compounds (2)