plasma lipoprotein particle clearance

Definition

Target type: biologicalprocess

The process in which a lipoprotein particle is removed from the blood via receptor-mediated endocytosis and its constituent parts degraded. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:tb]

Plasma lipoprotein particle clearance is a complex process involving several steps. First, lipoprotein particles circulate in the bloodstream, delivering lipids to various tissues. As they circulate, lipoprotein particles are recognized by specific receptors on the surface of cells, primarily in the liver and peripheral tissues. This recognition is mediated by apolipoproteins, which are proteins associated with lipoprotein particles that act as ligands for these receptors. The most well-known receptor involved in lipoprotein clearance is the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor. When an LDL particle binds to the LDL receptor, the complex is internalized via endocytosis. Once inside the cell, the LDL particle is delivered to lysosomes, where it is degraded, releasing free cholesterol. This cholesterol can then be used for various cellular functions. In addition to the LDL receptor, other receptors contribute to lipoprotein clearance, such as the scavenger receptors and the lipoprotein lipase (LPL) receptor. Scavenger receptors are responsible for clearing modified or oxidized lipoproteins, while the LPL receptor plays a crucial role in the metabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, such as chylomicrons and very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL). The process of lipoprotein clearance is essential for maintaining lipid homeostasis and preventing the accumulation of excess cholesterol and triglycerides in the bloodstream. Dysregulation of this process can lead to various cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis.'
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Proteins (2)

Compounds (2)