glycolipid catabolic process
Definition
Target type: biologicalprocess
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycolipid, a class of 1,2-di-O-acylglycerols joined at oxygen 3 by a glycosidic linkage to a carbohydrate part (usually a mono-, di- or tri-saccharide). [GOC:go_curators]
Glycolipid catabolism is a complex biological process that breaks down glycolipids, which are lipids that contain a carbohydrate moiety. These molecules are found in various biological membranes, playing a crucial role in cellular signaling, recognition, and membrane integrity. Glycolipid catabolism involves a series of enzymatic steps, each catalyzed by specific enzymes, which progressively remove carbohydrate residues from the glycolipid molecule, ultimately releasing free sugars and lipids. The initial step often involves the hydrolysis of the glycosidic bond, releasing a monosaccharide and a smaller glycolipid. This process may be mediated by glycosidases, enzymes that specifically cleave glycosidic bonds. Subsequent steps involve further hydrolysis of the remaining carbohydrate moieties, leading to the release of additional monosaccharides. The lipid portion of the glycolipid is then further processed via lipid catabolism pathways. The breakdown products, such as free sugars and fatty acids, can be utilized by the cell as energy sources or building blocks for biosynthesis. Deficiencies or dysregulation in glycolipid catabolism can have significant consequences for cellular function and are associated with a range of diseases. These include lysosomal storage disorders, where mutations in specific glycolipid catabolic enzymes lead to an accumulation of undigested glycolipids within cells, causing various pathological effects. Moreover, aberrant glycolipid catabolism is implicated in neurodegenerative diseases, inflammatory disorders, and cancer. Thus, understanding the intricacies of glycolipid catabolism is crucial for elucidating the mechanisms underlying various diseases and developing potential therapeutic strategies.'
"
Proteins (2)
| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| Tissue alpha-L-fucosidase | A tissue alpha-L-fucosidase that is encoded in the genome of cow. [OMA:Q2KIM0, PRO:DNx] | Bos taurus (cattle) |
| Tissue alpha-L-fucosidase | A tissue alpha-L-fucosidase that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P04066] | Homo sapiens (human) |
Compounds (12)
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| emodin | emodin : A trihydroxyanthraquinone that is 9,10-anthraquinone which is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1, 3, and 8 and by a methyl group at position 6. It is present in the roots and barks of numerous plants (particularly rhubarb and buckthorn), moulds, and lichens. It is an active ingredient of various Chinese herbs. Emodin: Purgative anthraquinone found in several plants, especially RHAMNUS PURSHIANA. It was formerly used as a laxative, but is now used mainly as a tool in toxicity studies. | trihydroxyanthraquinone | antineoplastic agent; laxative; plant metabolite; tyrosine kinase inhibitor |
| rhein | dihydroxyanthraquinone | ||
| aloe emodin | Aloe emodin : A dihydroxyanthraquinone that is chrysazin carrying a hydroxymethyl group at position 3. It has been isolated from plant species of the genus Aloe. aloe emodin: structure distinct from emodin; this does not mean emodin from aloe | aromatic primary alcohol; dihydroxyanthraquinone | antineoplastic agent; plant metabolite |
| 4-chromone | 4-chromone: structure given in first source chromone : The simplest member of the class of chromones that is 4H-chromene with an oxo group at position 4. | chromones; enone | |
| physcione | physcion : A dihydroxyanthraquinone that is 9,10-anthraquinone bearing hydroxy substituents at positions 1 and 8, a methoxy group at position 3, and a methyl group at position 6. It has been widely isolated and characterised from both terrestrial and marine sources. physcione: structure | dihydroxyanthraquinone | anti-inflammatory agent; antibacterial agent; antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; hepatoprotective agent; metabolite |
| besipirdine | besipirdine: structure given in first source; a non-receptor-dependent cholinomimetic agent with noradrenergic activity with potential use for treating Alzheimer's disease | ||
| 1-deoxymannojirimycin | |||
| deoxyfuconojirimycin | deoxyfuconojirimycin : A hydroxypiperidine in which the three hydroxy substituents are located at positions 3, 4 and 5 together with an additional methyl substituent at position 2. deoxyfuconojirimycin: structure given in first source | hydroxypiperidine; triol | fungal metabolite |
| genistein | 7-hydroxyisoflavones | antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; geroprotector; human urinary metabolite; phytoestrogen; plant metabolite; tyrosine kinase inhibitor | |
| butylidenephthalide | (Z)-3-butylidenephthalide : A gamma-lactone that is phthalide substituted by a butylidene group at position 3. Isolated from Ligusticum porteri, it exhibits hypoglycemic activity. butylidenephthalide: structure in first source | isobenzofuranone | |
| casuarine | casuarine: structure in first source; do not confuse with tannin casuariin | ||
| papyriflavonol a | papyriflavonol A : A pentahydroxyflavone that is flavone substituted with hydroxy groups at positions 3, 5, 7, 3' and 4' and prenyl groups at positions 6 and 5'. Isolated from Broussonetia papyrifera, it exhibits inhibitory activity against phospholipase A2 and tyrosinase. papyriflavonol A: isolated from Broussonetia papyrifera; structure in first source | 3'-hydroxyflavonoid; flavonols; pentahydroxyflavone | EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.4 (phospholipase A2) inhibitor; metabolite |