positive regulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid secretion

Definition

Target type: biologicalprocess

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of gamma-aminobutyric acid. [GOC:ef]

Positive regulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) secretion is a complex biological process involving multiple cellular mechanisms. GABA, an inhibitory neurotransmitter, plays a crucial role in modulating neuronal activity and regulating brain function. This process begins with the synthesis of GABA from glutamate by the enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) within GABAergic neurons. Once synthesized, GABA is packaged into synaptic vesicles by vesicular GABA transporter (VGAT). These vesicles are then transported to the presynaptic terminal, where they await release.

The release of GABA is triggered by the arrival of an action potential at the presynaptic terminal. This depolarization opens voltage-gated calcium channels, allowing calcium ions to influx into the terminal. The rise in intracellular calcium concentration triggers a cascade of events, ultimately leading to the fusion of synaptic vesicles with the presynaptic membrane and the release of GABA into the synaptic cleft.

Several factors can positively regulate GABA secretion. One important factor is the activity of presynaptic receptors, such as metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs), which can enhance GABA release by stimulating intracellular signaling pathways that promote vesicle fusion. The presence of specific proteins, such as synaptotagmin and complexin, also plays a key role in facilitating vesicle fusion and GABA release.

Furthermore, the activity of certain neurotransmitters, like acetylcholine and serotonin, can enhance GABA secretion by modulating presynaptic signaling pathways. Finally, environmental factors, such as stress and exposure to certain drugs, can also influence GABA release by affecting the activity of signaling pathways involved in this process.

In summary, positive regulation of GABA secretion is a multi-faceted process that involves the coordinated action of multiple cellular components, including enzymes, transporters, receptors, signaling molecules, and ion channels. This process is crucial for maintaining proper neuronal function and regulating brain activity.'
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Proteins (3)

Compounds (44)