Target type: biologicalprocess
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lysine, via the intermediate diaminopimelate. [GOC:go_curators]
Lysine biosynthesis via diaminopimelate is a crucial metabolic pathway in bacteria, archaea, and some plants, which ultimately produces the essential amino acid lysine. This process diverges from the well-known lysine biosynthesis pathway in fungi and animals and utilizes diaminopimelate (DAP) as an intermediate. The pathway begins with the condensation of pyruvate and aspartate to form aspartate semialdehyde. This molecule is then converted to α-aminoadipate, which is further transformed into α-aminoadipate semialdehyde. This intermediate undergoes a series of steps, including a reductive amination with glutamate and a decarboxylation, resulting in the formation of L-lysine. However, in the diaminopimelate pathway, the α-aminoadipate semialdehyde molecule is not directly converted to L-lysine. Instead, it undergoes a key step where it is condensed with pyruvate to form tetrahydrodipicolinate. This molecule is then reduced to dihydrodipicolinate, which is further transformed through a series of steps involving dehydration and amination to ultimately yield L-diaminopimelate. DAP is a critical precursor to L-lysine. It is first decarboxylated to L-α-aminoadipate-δ-semialdehyde, which is then reduced to L-lysine by the enzyme diaminopimelate decarboxylase. The lysine biosynthetic pathway via diaminopimelate is a complex process involving multiple enzymatic steps and unique intermediates. It is a critical pathway in various organisms for the production of the essential amino acid lysine, which plays a key role in diverse biological processes, including protein synthesis, cell growth, and immune function.'
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Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
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4-hydroxy-tetrahydrodipicolinate synthase | A 4-hydroxy-tetrahydrodipicolinate synthase that is encoded in the genome of Escherichia coli K-12. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P0A6L2] | Escherichia coli K-12 |
Bifunctional aspartokinase/homoserine dehydrogenase 1 | A bifunctional aspartokinase/homoserine dehydrogenase 1 that is encoded in the genome of Escherichia coli K-12. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P00561] | Escherichia coli K-12 |
Bifunctional aspartokinase/homoserine dehydrogenase 1 | A bifunctional aspartokinase/homoserine dehydrogenase 1 that is encoded in the genome of Escherichia coli K-12. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P00561] | Escherichia coli K-12 |
Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
---|---|---|---|
alpha-ketobutyric acid | 2-oxobutanoic acid : A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is the 2-oxo derivative of butanoic acid. alpha-ketobutyric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure | 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid; short-chain fatty acid | |
glyoxylic acid | glyoxylic acid : A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid bearing an oxo group at the alpha carbon atom. glyoxylic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd | 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid; aldehydic acid | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
glutamic acid | glutamic acid : An alpha-amino acid that is glutaric acid bearing a single amino substituent at position 2. Glutamic Acid: A non-essential amino acid naturally occurring in the L-form. Glutamic acid is the most common excitatory neurotransmitter in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. | glutamic acid; glutamine family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid | Escherichia coli metabolite; ferroptosis inducer; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter; nutraceutical |
3-fluoropyruvate | 3-fluoropyruvate : The anion of 3-fluoropyruvic acid. 3-fluoropyruvate: a substrate for E coli pyruvate dehydrogenase; structure; RN given refers to parent cpd 3-fluoropyruvic acid : A pyruvic acid derivative having a 3-fluoro substituent. | 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid; organofluorine compound | |
beta-aminoglutaric acid | 3-aminoglutaric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in first source isoglutamic acid : A 1,5-dicarboxylic acid compound having a 3-amino substituent. It has been isolated from the extracts of the algae, Chondria armata. | dicarboxylic acid | algal metabolite; marine metabolite |
2-ketopentanoic acid | 2-ketopentanoic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd 2-oxopentanoic acid : An oxopentanoic acid carrying an oxo group at position 2. | 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid; oxopentanoic acid | human metabolite |