Target type: biologicalprocess
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lysine, 2,6-diaminohexanoic acid. [GOC:go_curators]
Lysine biosynthesis is a fundamental metabolic process that produces the essential amino acid lysine. This process is essential for all living organisms, as lysine is a building block for proteins, enzymes, and other vital molecules. In eukaryotes, lysine biosynthesis occurs primarily in the cytoplasm and involves a series of enzymatic reactions. The pathway starts with diaminopimelate (DAP), a precursor synthesized from aspartate. DAP is then decarboxylated to lysine by the enzyme diaminopimelate decarboxylase. The biosynthesis of lysine involves a complex interplay of enzymes and cofactors. The process is tightly regulated to ensure that sufficient lysine is produced to meet the organism's needs. Deficiencies in lysine biosynthesis can lead to a range of health problems, including growth retardation and developmental abnormalities.'
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| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| 4-hydroxy-tetrahydrodipicolinate synthase | A 4-hydroxy-tetrahydrodipicolinate synthase that is encoded in the genome of Escherichia coli K-12. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P0A6L2] | Escherichia coli K-12 |
| Bifunctional aspartokinase/homoserine dehydrogenase 1 | A bifunctional aspartokinase/homoserine dehydrogenase 1 that is encoded in the genome of Escherichia coli K-12. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P00561] | Escherichia coli K-12 |
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| alpha-ketobutyric acid | 2-oxobutanoic acid : A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is the 2-oxo derivative of butanoic acid. alpha-ketobutyric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure | 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid; short-chain fatty acid | |
| glyoxylic acid | glyoxylic acid : A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid bearing an oxo group at the alpha carbon atom. glyoxylic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd | 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid; aldehydic acid | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| glutamic acid | glutamic acid : An alpha-amino acid that is glutaric acid bearing a single amino substituent at position 2. Glutamic Acid: A non-essential amino acid naturally occurring in the L-form. Glutamic acid is the most common excitatory neurotransmitter in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. | glutamic acid; glutamine family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid | Escherichia coli metabolite; ferroptosis inducer; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter; nutraceutical |
| 3-fluoropyruvate | 3-fluoropyruvate : The anion of 3-fluoropyruvic acid. 3-fluoropyruvate: a substrate for E coli pyruvate dehydrogenase; structure; RN given refers to parent cpd 3-fluoropyruvic acid : A pyruvic acid derivative having a 3-fluoro substituent. | 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid; organofluorine compound | |
| beta-aminoglutaric acid | 3-aminoglutaric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in first source isoglutamic acid : A 1,5-dicarboxylic acid compound having a 3-amino substituent. It has been isolated from the extracts of the algae, Chondria armata. | dicarboxylic acid | algal metabolite; marine metabolite |
| 2-ketopentanoic acid | 2-ketopentanoic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd 2-oxopentanoic acid : An oxopentanoic acid carrying an oxo group at position 2. | 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid; oxopentanoic acid | human metabolite |