NADP biosynthetic process

Definition

Target type: biologicalprocess

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate, a coenzyme involved in many redox and biosynthetic reactions; biosynthesis may be of either the oxidized form, NADP, or the reduced form, NADPH. [GOC:mah]

The NADP biosynthetic process is a crucial metabolic pathway that generates NADP+, a vital electron carrier involved in numerous anabolic reactions, particularly in photosynthesis and fatty acid synthesis. The process can be broken down into several key steps:

1. **Nicotinamide Mononucleotide (NMN) Synthesis:** The initial step involves the conversion of nicotinamide ribose 1-phosphate (NRP) to NMN by the enzyme nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase (NMNAT). This reaction utilizes ATP as a phosphate donor.

2. **NAD+ Synthesis:** NMN is subsequently converted to NAD+ by the enzyme NAD synthetase. This reaction also utilizes ATP as a phosphate donor.

3. **NADP+ Synthesis:** Finally, NAD+ is converted to NADP+ by the enzyme NAD kinase. This reaction utilizes ATP as a phosphate donor and adds a phosphate group to the 2'-hydroxyl group of the adenosine ribose moiety of NAD+.

These enzymatic reactions are highly regulated and influenced by factors such as cellular redox state and the availability of substrates. NADP+ biosynthesis is essential for maintaining cellular redox homeostasis and supporting anabolic processes. Disruptions in this pathway can lead to various metabolic disorders and cellular dysfunction.'
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Proteins (1)

Compounds (3)