Target type: biologicalprocess
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of CMP, cytidine monophosphate. [ISBN:0198506732]
CMP catabolic process is a fundamental metabolic pathway that involves the breakdown of cytidine monophosphate (CMP), a nucleoside monophosphate crucial for various cellular processes. CMP is a building block for RNA and DNA synthesis, as well as for the synthesis of other essential molecules like coenzymes and signaling molecules. The CMP catabolic process can be divided into several steps, each catalyzed by specific enzymes:
1. **Degradation of CMP to cytidine:** CMP is first dephosphorylated to cytidine by the enzyme CMP dephosphorylase.
2. **Hydrolysis of cytidine:** Cytidine is then hydrolyzed by cytidine deaminase, which removes the amino group from the cytosine base, yielding uridine.
3. **Conversion of uridine to uracil:** Uridine can be further degraded by uridine phosphorylase, which removes the ribose sugar, producing uracil.
4. **Catabolism of uracil:** Uracil can be further degraded by uracil catabolism, which involves several enzymatic steps and ultimately produces carbon dioxide, ammonia, and water.
The CMP catabolic process plays a critical role in maintaining nucleotide homeostasis by regulating the levels of CMP and other nucleotides. This regulation is essential for proper cell function and growth. Furthermore, the catabolism of CMP can provide energy for cellular processes and can also serve as a source of building blocks for other metabolic pathways. Dysregulation of the CMP catabolic process has been linked to various human diseases, including cancer and metabolic disorders. Understanding the details of CMP catabolic process can contribute to the development of new therapeutic strategies for these diseases.'
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| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| Uridine phosphorylase 1 | A uridine phosphorylase 1 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q16831] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase [NADP(+)] | A dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase [NADP(+)] that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q12882] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| doxifluridine | doxifluridine : A pyrimidine 5'-deoxyribonucleoside that is 5-fluorouridine in which the hydroxy group at the 5' position is replaced by a hydrogen. It is an oral prodrug of the antineoplastic agent 5-fluorouracil. Designed to circumvent the rapid degradation of 5-fluorouracil by dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase in the gut wall, it is converted into 5-fluorouracil in the presence of pyrimidine nucleoside phosphorylase. | organofluorine compound; pyrimidine 5'-deoxyribonucleoside | antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; prodrug |
| eniluracil | eniluracil: structure in first source; inactivates dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase | pyrimidone | |
| 5-benzylacyclouridine | 5-benzyl-1-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl)uracil : A pyrimidone that is uracil which is substituted by a 2-hydroxyethoxymethyl group at position 1 and a benzyl group at position 5. 5-benzylacyclouridine: structure given in first source | hydroxyether; primary alcohol; pyrimidone | |
| 5-iodouracil | 5-iodouracil : An organoiodine compound consisting of uracil having an iodo substituent at the 5-position. 5-iodouracil: RN given refers to parent cpd | organoiodine compound | antimetabolite |
| 5-cyanouracil | |||
| 3-cyano-6-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pyridone | 3-cyano-6-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pyridone: structure in first source | ||
| 5-vinyluracil | 5-vinyluracil: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd | ||
| 2,6-dihydroxy-3-cyanopyridine | 2,6-dihydroxy-3-cyanopyridine: inhibitor of 5-fluorouracil degradation |