mitral valve formation

Definition

Target type: biologicalprocess

The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the mitral valve from unspecified parts. This process begins with the specific processes that contribute to the appearance of the discrete structure and ends when the structural rudiment is recognizable. [GOC:mtg_heart]

The mitral valve, situated between the left atrium and left ventricle of the heart, is a crucial component of the circulatory system, ensuring unidirectional blood flow. Its formation is a complex process involving coordinated actions of multiple cellular and molecular events, ultimately leading to a functional valve. The process begins during embryonic development, with the heart forming as a simple tube. As the heart develops, the endocardial cushions, which are mesenchymal tissue bulges, form at the atrioventricular canal, the opening between the atrium and ventricle. These cushions eventually fuse to form the atrioventricular septum, dividing the atrioventricular canal into two separate openings, the right and left atrioventricular valves. The mitral valve arises from the left atrioventricular valve and consists of two leaflets, anterior and posterior, attached to the mitral annulus, a fibrous ring that anchors the valve to the heart. The formation of the mitral valve involves a delicate interplay between various signaling pathways, including the Wnt, BMP, and Notch pathways, which regulate cell differentiation, migration, and proliferation. These pathways contribute to the development of the endocardial cushions, the formation of the atrioventricular septum, and the differentiation of valve interstitial cells and valvular endothelial cells. The development of the valve leaflets is influenced by hemodynamic forces, which contribute to the shaping and alignment of the leaflets. As the heart beats, blood flow exerts pressure on the developing valve, contributing to its proper formation and function. The mitral valve is continuously remodeled throughout life, adapting to changing hemodynamic conditions and ensuring optimal valve function. The complexity of this process is evident in the various disorders that can arise during development, such as mitral valve prolapse, which is a condition where the leaflets do not close properly, allowing blood to leak back into the atrium.'
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Proteins (1)

Compounds (1)