negative regulation of receptor recycling

Definition

Target type: biologicalprocess

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of receptor recycling. [GOC:add]

Negative regulation of receptor recycling is a crucial cellular process that fine-tunes the number of receptors present on the cell surface, thereby controlling the responsiveness of cells to extracellular signals. This intricate process involves a multifaceted interplay of molecular mechanisms that act to limit the internalization and subsequent recycling of receptors back to the plasma membrane.

The process begins with the internalization of receptors, often via clathrin-mediated endocytosis, where receptors are packaged into clathrin-coated vesicles and transported to early endosomes. At this point, the fate of the receptor is determined. While some receptors are destined for degradation in lysosomes, others are sorted and recycled back to the cell surface.

Negative regulation of receptor recycling, therefore, involves mechanisms that inhibit the movement of receptors from early endosomes to recycling endosomes, preventing their return to the plasma membrane. These mechanisms can include:

* **Retention in early endosomes:** Receptors can be retained in early endosomes by interacting with specific adaptor proteins or sorting signals that prevent their movement to recycling endosomes.
* **Direct trafficking to lysosomes:** Certain receptors can bypass recycling and be directly targeted for degradation in lysosomes, reducing their overall abundance on the cell surface.
* **Signal-induced downregulation:** External signals can trigger the phosphorylation of receptors, leading to their internalization and subsequent degradation in lysosomes, effectively reducing their number on the cell surface.
* **Ubiquitination:** Ubiquitination, the attachment of ubiquitin proteins to receptors, can mark them for sorting to lysosomes for degradation, hindering their recycling.

These diverse mechanisms ensure that the levels of receptors at the cell surface are tightly regulated, preventing excessive signaling and maintaining cellular homeostasis. Negative regulation of receptor recycling plays a critical role in various cellular processes, including signal transduction, nutrient uptake, and immune responses.'
"

Proteins (2)

Compounds (2)