adenosine and guanine
adenosine has been researched along with guanine in 189 studies
Research
Studies (189)
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 94 (49.74) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 29 (15.34) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 30 (15.87) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 28 (14.81) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 8 (4.23) | 2.80 |
Authors
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Jordan, F; Wu, A | 1 |
| Chaudhary, D; Chauhan, V; Dhaked, RK; Pathak, U; Saxena, N | 1 |
| Carlson, EE; Goswami, M; Wilke, KE | 1 |
| Di Prisco, G | 1 |
| Divekar, AY | 1 |
| Barankiewicz, J; Jezewska, MM | 1 |
| Wong, JL; Zady, MF | 1 |
| Magill, CW; Magill, JM | 1 |
| McBurney, MW; Whimore, GF | 1 |
| Hayano, K; Ishida, N; Mizuno, K; Sakaguchi, K; Tsujino, M | 1 |
| Albach, RA; Booden, T; Boonlayangoor, P; Stern, ML | 1 |
| Davies, LP; Taylor, KM | 1 |
| Budowsky, EI; Ivanchenko, VA; Simukova, NA; Titschenko, AI; Wulfson, NS | 1 |
| Hovi, T; Raivio, KO | 1 |
| Ko, RC; Wong, PC | 1 |
| Borkowsky, W; Hirschhorn, R; Reem, GH | 1 |
| Blagoi, YP; Galkin, VL; Gladchenko, GO; Khomenko, SA; Sorokin, VA; Valeev, VA | 1 |
| Jochimsen, B; Nygaard, P; Vestergaard, T | 1 |
| Raivio, KO; Rovamo, L; Smith, C | 1 |
| Kekomäki, MP; Raivio, KO; Rovamo, LM; Smith, CM | 1 |
| Agarwal, KC; Agarwal, RP; Crabtree, GW; Kong, CM; Parks, RE; Scholar, EM | 1 |
| Levy, MG; Read, CP | 1 |
| Blume, AJ; Foster, CJ | 1 |
| Mel'gunov, VI | 1 |
| Eguchi, Y; Ochi, D; Yashima, S | 1 |
| Henderson, JF; Smith, CM | 1 |
| Davey, RA; Duffield, GA; Ey, PL | 1 |
| King, CR; Maguire, MH; Slegel, P; Szabo, I | 1 |
| Plunkett, W; Saunders, PP | 1 |
| Cerný, J; Holý, A; Hrebabecký, H; Merta, A; Otmar, M; Rosenberg, I; Sedivá, K; Veselý, J; Vlach, J; Votruba, I | 1 |
| de Cock, AW; Karlovsky, P | 1 |
| Camiña, F; Castro-Gago, M; Lojo, S; Rodríguez-Núñez, A; Rodríguez-Segade, S | 1 |
| Bottiglieri, T; Chanarin, I; Deacon, R; Lumb, M; Perry, J | 1 |
| Kierzek, R; SantaLucia, J; Turner, DH | 1 |
| Barankiewicz, J; Cohen, A | 1 |
| Krenitsky, TA; LaFon, SW; Miller, RL; Miller, WH; Nelson, DJ | 1 |
| Khramtsova, SN; Pimenov, AM; Potapova, GI; Shapot, VS; Tikhonov, IuV; Toguzov, RT | 1 |
| Johnstone, ME; Naguib, FN; Nash, D | 1 |
| Lo, HS; Wang, CC | 1 |
| Holmes, EW; Manfredi, JP | 1 |
| Allan, PW; Bennett, LL; Brockman, RW; Clayton, JD; Rose, LM; Shaddix, SC; Shealy, YF | 1 |
| Berens, RL; Marr, JJ | 1 |
| Katsaros, N; Tselepi-Kalouli, E | 1 |
| Iijima, K; Kogure, K; Onodera, H | 1 |
| Allan, PW; Bennett, LL; Comber, RN; Rose, LM; Secrist, JA | 1 |
| Adler, S; Doerjer, G; Oesch, F; Rettelbach, R | 1 |
| Phadtare, S; Zemlicka, J | 1 |
| Hasobe, M; Isono, K; Saneyoshi, M | 1 |
| Fujioka, M; Nakatani, Y | 1 |
| Fuller, WD; Orgel, LE; Sanchez, RA | 1 |
| Gilden, RV; Kelloff, G; Long, C | 1 |
| Campbell, JN; Shobe, CR | 1 |
| Bagnara, AS; Finch, LR | 1 |
| Blume, AJ; Dalton, C; Sheppard, H | 1 |
| Hochstadt, J | 1 |
| Chopra, DP; Flaxman, BA; Harper, RA | 1 |
| Holmes, EW; Kelley, WN; Pehlke, DM | 1 |
| Kleihues, P; Margison, GP; Mende, C; Patzschke, K; Wegner, LA | 1 |
| Ali, B; Dwivedi, C; Pandey, BR; Parmar, SS | 1 |
| Deltour, R; Van de Walle, C | 1 |
| Liska, B; Smith, PF | 1 |
| Calabresi, P; Scholar, EM | 1 |
| Hama, T; Ide, H | 1 |
| Bauer, RJ; Carlberg, DM | 1 |
| Hildesheim, J; Hildesheim, R; Lederer, E; Yon, J | 1 |
| Jochimsen, B | 1 |
| Green, H; Ishii, K | 1 |
| Agarwal, KC; Agarwal, RP; Crabtree, GW; Parks, RE; Scholar, EM; Senft, AW | 1 |
| Boroń, P; Kossakowski, R; Kucharski, C; Prokopowicz, D | 1 |
| McAllan, AB; Smith, RH | 1 |
| Chan, T; Green, H; Kusano, T; Levytska, V; Long, C | 1 |
| Cross, GA | 1 |
| de Bruyn, CH; Oei, TL | 1 |
| Ellis, G; Goldberg, DM; Spooner, RJ | 1 |
| Chibata, I; Kato, J; Uchida, T; Watanabe, T | 1 |
| Harris, JF; Whitmore, GF | 1 |
| Anderson, JA; Evans, HH; Kuntz, GP; Swift, TJ | 1 |
| Pinsky, L; Wood, S | 1 |
| Ali, B; Dwivedi, C; Parmar, SS | 1 |
| Allan, PW; Bennett, LL; Hill, DL; Straight, S | 1 |
| Kusaka, T | 1 |
| Crabtree, GW; Henderson, JF | 1 |
| Fukushi, Y; Rikimaru, A; Suzuki, T | 1 |
| Daentl, DL; Epstein, CJ | 1 |
| Barankiewicz, J; Paszkowski, J | 1 |
| Henderson, JF; Scott, FW | 1 |
| Al-Safi, SA; Maddocks, JL | 1 |
| Bruns, RF; Daly, JW; Snyder, SH | 1 |
| Robert-Géro, M; Vedel, M | 1 |
| Kersten, H | 1 |
| Beaman, TC; Endo, T; Freese, E; Hitchins, AD; Ochi, K; Vasantha, N | 1 |
| Mitsuda, H; Nadamoto, T; Nakajima, K | 1 |
| El Sayed, YM; Nguyen, BT; Sadée, W | 1 |
| Webster, HK; Whaun, JM | 1 |
| Roy-Burman, S; Visser, DW | 1 |
| Maki, Y; Sako, M | 1 |
| Fabiani, R; Ronquist, G | 1 |
| Görner, H | 1 |
| Balzarini, J; Bohman, C; De Clercq, E; Fridland, A; Herdewijn, P; Horská, K; Karlsson, A; Van Aerschot, A; Votruba, I; Wang, L | 1 |
| Gohda, K; Hakoshima, T; Hiramatsu, Y; Ikehara, M; Itoh, T; Morioka, H; Nishikawa, S; Ohtsuka, E; Tomita, K; Uesugi, S | 1 |
| Georghiou, S; Phillips, GR | 1 |
| Kominami, R; Uchiumi, T; Wada, A | 1 |
| Sotomayor, RE; Washington, MC | 1 |
| Hafner, M; Krieg, T; Nischt, R; Pottgiesser, J; Zimmermann, K | 1 |
| Bitsch, A; Braun, N; Ernst, BP; Metzner, R; Michel, U; Rieckmann, P; Weber, F | 1 |
| Fuchs, RP; Kamiya, H; Wagner, J | 1 |
| Schneller, SW; Seley, KL; Wu, J | 1 |
| Acevedo, CG; Bravo, I; Ramírez, M; Rojas, S | 1 |
| Gamper, HB; Kutyavin, IV; Lampe, JN; Meyer, RB; Reed, MW; Rhinehart, R | 1 |
| Klenow, H; Marcussen, M; Overgaard-Hansen, K | 1 |
| Comings, DE; Muhleman, D; Wu, S | 1 |
| Ballerini, P; Caciagli, F; Ciccarelli, R; D'Alimonte, I; Di Iorio, P; Giuliani, P; Rathbone, MP | 1 |
| Hilton, JC; Rajagopalan, KV; Temple, CA | 1 |
| Levy, M; Miller, SL | 1 |
| Souza, DO; Tasca, CI | 1 |
| Bernstein, L; Dizdaroglu, M; Durum, SK; Junker, U; Lee, C; Muegge, K; Nathan, I | 1 |
| Camp, DM; Harel, E; Juneau, PL; LeWitt, PA; Loeffler, DA | 1 |
| Bjerner, T; Henze, A; Ronquist, G; Thelin, S; Waldenström, A; Wikström, G; Zemgulis, V | 1 |
| Dzagurov, G; Gauss-Müller, V; Kusov, YY; Shatirishvili, G | 1 |
| Evans, VJ; Price, FM; Rotherham, J | 1 |
| Orgel, LE; Wu, T | 1 |
| Kozlov, IA; Orgel, LE | 1 |
| Batiuk, TD; Dagher, PC; Plotkin, Z; Schnizlein-Bick, C | 1 |
| Andrew, CM; Ciccarelli, R; Crocker, CE; Di Iorio, P; Kleywegt, S; Rathbone, MP; Traversa, U; Werstiuk, ES | 1 |
| Inaoka, T; Ochi, K; Ohnishi-Kameyama, M; Takahashi, K; Yoshida, M | 1 |
| Kanagawa, M; Kanagawa, S; Katahira, M; Liu, H; Matsugami, A; Ouhashi, K; Uesugi, S | 1 |
| KRISZAT, G | 1 |
| GELLHORN, A; HIRSCHBERG, E; KELLS, A | 1 |
| DUNCAN, RE; SETTERFIELD, G | 1 |
| KRANEN-FIEDLER, U | 1 |
| YALL, I | 1 |
| DELLACORTE, E; STIRPE, F | 1 |
| ABRAMS, R; BENTLEY, M | 1 |
| Daudé-Snow, L; Jurczyk, S; Larsen, CA; Marshall, DJ; Moser, MJ; Prudent, JR; Shapiro, G; Sherrill, CB | 1 |
| Caddell, JM; Chapman, AM; Cooley, BE; Downey, BP; Jackson, MM; LeBlanc, MP; O'Connell, TM; Phung, HM; Roper, TD; Xie, S | 1 |
| Aeyels, D; Degroeve, S; Rouzé, P; Saeys, Y; Van de Peer, Y | 1 |
| EMERSON, GA; EWING, PL; SCHLENK, F | 1 |
| Cheng, J; Hada, T; Hashimoto-Tamaoki, T; Inokuchi, T; Ka, T; Moriwaki, Y; Takahashi, S; Tsutsumi, Z; Yamamoto, A; Yamamoto, T | 1 |
| Gong, YX; Li, P; Li, SP; Wang, YT | 1 |
| Fontaine, K; Legarde, JP; Lenoir, G; Lucotte, G; Sémonin, O | 1 |
| Barone, F; Bignami, M; Karran, P; Macpherson, P; Maga, G; Mazzei, F | 1 |
| Harinipriya, S; Sangaranarayanan, MV | 1 |
| Gerritsen, WB; Grutters, JC; Janssen, R; Kruit, A; Ruven, HJ; van den Bosch, JM | 1 |
| Magnier, M; Mulligan, RC; Stockwell, BR; Weissleder, R; Yen, L | 1 |
| Ghosh, A; Hausmann, S; Lima, CD; Liu, Q; Schwer, B; Shuman, S; Zheng, S | 1 |
| Chou, SH | 1 |
| Dekanski, D; Isakovic, A; Mitrovic, DM; Petrovic, MM; Scepanovic, L | 1 |
| Alvarez, K; Benarroch, D; Canard, B; Decroly, E; Peyrane, F; Selisko, B; Vasseur, JJ | 1 |
| Bapat, B; Chan, YM; Daftary, D; Dicks, E; Gallinger, SS; Green, RC; Knight, JA; McLaughlin, JR; Monga, N; Mrkonjic, M; Parfrey, PS; Pethe, VV; Raptis, S; Younghusband, BH | 1 |
| Austin, J; Barnett, R; Beaumont, M; Brotherton, P; Cooper, A; Endicott, P; Sanchez, JJ | 1 |
| Houlston, RS; Hubner, RA | 1 |
| Depboylu, C; Eiden, LE; Weihe, E | 1 |
| Chayama, K; Takahashi, S | 1 |
| Hol, FA; Janssen, AJ; Lucke, B; Morava, E; Rodenburg, RJ; Schuelke, M; Sengers, RC; Siers, MH; Smeitink, JA; Smits, BW; Ter Laak, H; Trijbels, FJ; van den Heuvel, LP; van der Knaap, MS; van Engelen, BG; Van Spronsen, FJ; Wintjes, LT | 1 |
| Choi, MS; Kim, IY; Kim, J; Wu, Q | 1 |
| Fujita, Y; Hirooka, K; Kumamoto, K; Tojo, S | 1 |
| Arico, JW; Calhoun, AK; McLaughlin, LW | 1 |
| Altermann, W; Gläser, C; Hierse, L; Klapproth, J; Kluttig, A; Reichert, S; Reichert, Y; Schaller, HG; Schulz, S; Stein, JM; Zimmermann, U | 1 |
| Chen, CH; Lee, CW; Lin, YC; Liu, TC; Lung, O; Ting, SC; Tsai, CC; Tsai, CL; Wang, LH; Wang, YY | 1 |
| Blaustein, GS; Burin, AL; Lewis, FD | 1 |
| Furmanchuk, A; Gorb, L; Isayev, O; Leszczynski, J; Shishkin, OV | 1 |
| Li, HM; Li, YY; Liu, P; Tang, YJ; Wan, DJ | 1 |
| Han, SW; Ikebukuro, K; Morita, Y; Nagasawa, K; Nakamura, C; Savory, N; Sode, K; Tera, M; Yoshida, W | 1 |
| Fan, H; Kosten, TR; Liu, H; Lu, L; Luo, Y; Sun, H; Wang, F; Yang, F; Zhang, XY | 1 |
| Berghuis, AM; Shi, K | 1 |
| Al-Nawas, B; Berres, M; Brieger, J; Kämmerer, PW; Koch, FP; Kumar, VV; Schiegnitz, E; Toyoshima, T | 1 |
| Chavre, SN; Chu, CK; Govindarajan, R; Hung, W; Korba, B; Rawal, RK; Singh, US; Sugiyama, M; Tanaka, Y; Wang, J | 1 |
| Andersen, HS; Andresen, BS; Bruun, GH; Brøner, S; Dobbie, A; Doktor, TK; Gahrn, B; Gregersen, N; Olpin, SE; Olsen, RK; Sabaratnam, R; Stenbroen, V | 1 |
| Aref, P; Dugan, SL; Hu, JC; Read, L; Reid, BM; Roggenbuck, JA; Simmer, JP; Taheri, AP; Wang, SK; Yeganeh, MZ | 1 |
| Allain, FH; Blatter, M; Boudet, J; Dominguez, C; Theler, D | 1 |
| Anjos-Afonso, F; Bonnet, D; Currie, E; Griessinger, E; Horswell, S; Luis Sardina, J; Niavarani, A; Reyal, Y | 1 |
| Cestari, I; Chen, J; Leija, C; Li, Q; Phillips, MA; Rijo-Ferreira, F; Stuart, K; Tu, BP | 1 |
| Goto-Ito, S; Hou, YM; Ito, T; Masuda, I; Sekine, S; Suh, SW; Yokoyama, S; Yoshida, K | 1 |
| Chu, CK; Konreddy, AK; Rawal, RK | 1 |
| Agrofoglio, LA; Bessières, M; Chevrier, F; Roy, V | 1 |
| Hibi, M; Horinouchi, N; Matsutani, N; Mitsukawa, Y; Ogawa, J; Takahashi, S | 1 |
| Bobrowska-Korczak, B; Gątarek, P; Giebułtowicz, J; Kałużna-Czaplińska, J; Rosiak, A | 1 |
| Bzowska, A; Górka, M; Stachelska-Wierzchowska, A; Wielgus-Kutrowska, B; Wierzchowski, J | 1 |
| De Clercq, E | 1 |
| Al-Hashimi, HM; Kremser, J; Kreutz, C; Rangadurai, A; Shi, H | 1 |
| Osada, H | 1 |
| Bhakta, S; Brucoli, F; Ferguson, L; Fox, KR; Wells, G | 1 |
| Ali, AT; Hodgkinson, A; Idaghdour, Y | 1 |
| Ghaem Maghami, M; Höbartner, C; Lenz, AK; Scheitl, CPM | 1 |
| Hincks, K; Resendiz, MJE; Skinner, A; Wang, H; Yang, CH | 1 |
| Andersson, M; Fingal, J; Hellstrand, K; Horal, P; Kann, H; Kann, M; Lindh, M; Martner, A; Prakash, K; Ringlander, J; Rydell, G | 1 |
| Liu, Y; Tureček, F; Zima, V | 1 |
| Muthmann, N; Rau, K; Reichert, D; Rentmeister, A; Rösner, L | 1 |
| Amador, R; Canard, B; Clavé, G; Debart, F; Decroly, E; Delpal, A; Smietana, M; Vasseur, JJ | 1 |
Reviews
12 review(s) available for adenosine and guanine
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Incorporation of analog purine nucleosides into the formed elements of human blood: erythrocytes, platelets, and lymphocytes.
Topics: Adenosine; Adenosine Deaminase; Blood Platelets; Erythrocytes; Formycins; Guanine; Guanosine; Guanosine Triphosphate; Humans; Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes; Lymphocytes; Platelet Aggregation; Purine Nucleosides; Ribonucleotides; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1975 |
Metabolism and action of purine nucleoside analogs.
Topics: 2-Chloroadenosine; Adenosine; Cladribine; Deoxyadenosines; Guanine; Guanosine; Humans; Purine Nucleosides; Ribavirin; Vidarabine | 1991 |
Purine salvage pathways in myocardium.
Topics: Adenine; Adenine Phosphoribosyltransferase; Adenosine; Adenosine Kinase; Adenosine Monophosphate; Animals; Guanine; Guanosine; Guanosine Monophosphate; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase; Hypoxanthines; Inosine Monophosphate; Myocardium; Purine Nucleosides; Purine Nucleotides | 1985 |
The role of the membrane in the utilization of nucleic acid precursors.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Bacillus subtilis; Biological Transport; Cell Membrane; Chromatography, Gel; Cytosine; DNA; Escherichia coli; Guanine; Guanosine; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hypoxanthines; Inosine; Kinetics; Pentosephosphates; Pentosyltransferases; Phosphoric Acids; Purines; Pyrimidines; RNA; Thymine; Uracil; Xanthines | 1974 |
Inhibition of animal and invertebrate cell growth by naturally occurring purine bases and ribonucleosides.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Biotransformation; Cattle; Cell Division; Chromosomes; Cricetinae; Cyclic AMP; Deoxyribonucleotides; Guanine; Guanosine; Humans; Invertebrates; Mice; Mitosis; Purine Nucleosides; Purines; Pyrimidines; Rats; RNA; S-Adenosylhomocysteine; Uridine | 1980 |
On the biological significance of modified nucleosides in tRNA.
Topics: Adenosine; Animals; Bacterial Physiological Phenomena; Base Sequence; Binding Sites; Biological Evolution; Cell Differentiation; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; Codon; Guanine; Isopentenyladenosine; Operon; Peptide Chain Elongation, Translational; Peptide Chain Initiation, Translational; Protein Biosynthesis; Ribosomes; RNA, Transfer; Spores, Bacterial; Uridine | 1984 |
[Oxidative reactions of the base moiety in purine nucleosides and their applications].
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Cyclic N-Oxides; Guanine; Oxidation-Reduction | 1995 |
Photochemistry of DNA and related biomolecules: quantum yields and consequences of photoionization.
Topics: Adenosine; DNA; Guanine; Photochemistry; Polydeoxyribonucleotides; Polyribonucleotides; Quantum Theory; Ultraviolet Rays; Uracil | 1994 |
[Attention-getting sexually transmitted diseases: Hepatitis B].
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Antiviral Agents; Comorbidity; Drug Therapy, Combination; Genotype; Guanine; Guanosine; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis B virus; HIV Infections; Humans; Lamivudine; Organophosphonates; Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Viral | 2007 |
Recent progress for the synthesis of selected carbocyclic nucleosides.
Topics: Adenosine; Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Antiviral Agents; Drug Discovery; Guanine; Halogenation; Humans; Neoplasms; Nucleosides; Virus Diseases; Viruses | 2015 |
New Nucleoside Analogues for the Treatment of Hemorrhagic Fever Virus Infections.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Alanine; Amides; Antiviral Agents; Base Pairing; Ebolavirus; Guanine; Hemorrhagic Fevers, Viral; Humans; Nucleotides; Phosphoric Acids; Pyrazines; Triazines | 2019 |
Discovery and applications of nucleoside antibiotics beyond polyoxin.
Topics: Adenosine; Aminoglycosides; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Azepines; Cell Wall; Drug Discovery; Fungicides, Industrial; Guanine; Nucleosides; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Purine Nucleotides; Pyrimidine Nucleosides; Ribonucleosides; Uridine | 2019 |
Other Studies
177 other study(ies) available for adenosine and guanine
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Stereoelectronic factors in the binding of substrate analogues and inhibitors to purine nucleoside phosphorylase isolated from human erythrocytes.
Topics: Binding, Competitive; Deoxyribonucleosides; Erythrocytes; Guanosine; Guanosine Monophosphate; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; In Vitro Techniques; Inosine; Kinetics; Methylation; Molecular Conformation; Pentosyltransferases; Protein Binding; Purine-Nucleoside Phosphorylase; Structure-Activity Relationship; Substrate Specificity | 1978 |
In Silico Discovery and Validation of Amide Based Small Molecule Targeting the Enzymatic Site of Shiga Toxin.
Topics: Amides; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Chlorocebus aethiops; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Discovery; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Models, Molecular; Molecular Structure; Shiga Toxin; Small Molecule Libraries; Structure-Activity Relationship; Vero Cells | 2016 |
Rational Design of Selective Adenine-Based Scaffolds for Inactivation of Bacterial Histidine Kinases.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine Triphosphate; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Aspartic Acid; Bacteria; Drug Design; Histidine Kinase; HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins; Models, Molecular; Molecular Docking Simulation; Structure-Activity Relationship | 2017 |
Effect of pH and ionic strength on the catalytic and allosteric properties of native and chemically modified ox liver mitochondrial glutamate dehydrogenase.
Topics: Adenine; Adenine Nucleotides; Adenosine; Allosteric Regulation; Allosteric Site; Animals; Cattle; Dinitrophenols; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Guanine; Guanine Nucleotides; Guanosine; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Mitochondria, Liver; Osmolar Concentration; Protein Binding | 1975 |
Adenosine phosphyorylase activity as distinct from inosine-guanosine phosphorylase activity in Sarcoma 180 cells and rat liver.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Animals; Chloromercuribenzoates; Guanine; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Inosine; Kinetics; Liver; Pentosyltransferases; Rats; Sarcoma 180 | 1976 |
Inosine-guanosine and adenosine phosphorylase activities in hepatopancreas of Helix pomatia (Gastropoda).
Topics: Adenine Phosphoribosyltransferase; Adenosine; Adenosine Diphosphate; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Calorimetry; Guanine; Guanine Nucleotides; Guanosine Triphosphate; Helix, Snails; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase; Kinetics; Liver; Pancreas; Pentosyltransferases; Purine-Nucleoside Phosphorylase; Snails; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1976 |
Kinetics and mechanism of carbon-8 methylation of purine bases and nucleosides by methyl radical.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Caffeine; Guanine; Guanosine; Hot Temperature; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hypoxanthines; Inosine; Kinetics; Methods; Methylation; Photochemistry; Purine Nucleosides | 1977 |
Purine base transport in Neurospora crassa.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Biological Transport, Active; Cytosine; Guanine; Hypoxanthines; Kinetics; Mutation; Neurospora; Neurospora crassa; Purines; Recombination, Genetic; Spores, Fungal | 1975 |
Mutants of chinese hamster cells resistant to adenosine.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Aminohydrolases; Animals; Carbon Radioisotopes; Cell Count; Cell Division; Cell Line; Cell-Free System; Cricetinae; Drug Resistance; Female; Guanine; Hypoxanthines; Inosine; Inosine Nucleotides; Ketone Oxidoreductases; Mutation; Ovary; Pentosyltransferases; Phosphotransferases; Pyrimidines; Tritium | 1975 |
Effect of bredinin and its aglycone on L5178Y cells.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Animals; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Antifungal Agents; Candida albicans; Cell Line; DNA, Neoplasm; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Guanine; Guanine Nucleotides; Guanosine; Guanosine Monophosphate; Imidazoles; Mice; Rats; Ribonucleosides; RNA, Neoplasm | 1975 |
Entamoeba histolytica: uptake of purine bases and nucleosides during axenic growth.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Animals; Culture Media; Entamoeba histolytica; Guanine; Guanosine; Hypoxanthines; Inosine; Purine Nucleosides; Purines | 1978 |
Rat brain guanine deaminase; correlation with regional levels of cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase.
Topics: 3',5'-Cyclic-GMP Phosphodiesterases; Adenosine; Aminohydrolases; Animals; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Guanine; Guanine Deaminase; Male; Rats; Spinal Cord; Tissue Distribution | 1979 |
The photochemistry of purine components of nucleic acids. I. The efficiency of photolysis of adenine and guanine derivatives in aqueous solution.
Topics: Adenine; Adenine Nucleotides; Adenosine; Guanine; Guanine Nucleotides; Guanosine; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Oxygen; Partial Pressure; Photolysis; Quantum Theory; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Temperature; Time Factors | 1975 |
Purine reutilization in phytohemagglutinin-stimulated human T-lymphocytes.
Topics: Adenine; Adenine Phosphoribosyltransferase; Adenosine; Adenosine Deaminase; Adenosine Kinase; Guanine; Humans; Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase; Hypoxanthines; Kinetics; Lectins; Lymphocyte Activation; Nucleotides; T-Lymphocytes | 1978 |
De novo purine ribonucleotide biosynthesis in adult Angiostrongylus cantonensis (Nematoda: Metastrongyloidea).
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Angiostrongylus; Animals; Female; Guanine; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Inosine; Kinetics; Male; Metastrongyloidea; Purine Nucleotides | 1979 |
Purine and phosphoribosylpyrophosphate metabolism of lymphocytes and erythrocytes of an adenosine deaminase deficient immunocompetent child.
Topics: Adenine Nucleotides; Adenosine; Adenosine Deaminase; Erythrocytes; Guanine; Guanine Nucleotides; Humans; Infant; Lymphocytes; Male; Nucleoside Deaminases; Phosphoribosyl Pyrophosphate | 1979 |
On the possibility of true phase transition in heterogeneous DNA during thermal denaturation under conditions close to equal stability of A + T and G + C pairs.
Topics: Adenosine; Animals; Base Composition; Cattle; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry, Physical; Cytosine; DNA; Guanine; Hot Temperature; Nucleic Acid Conformation; Nucleic Acid Denaturation; Thymidine | 1979 |
Location on the chromosome of Escherichia coli of genes governing purine metabolism. Adenosine deaminase (add), guanosine kinase (gsk) and hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (hpt).
Topics: Adenine Phosphoribosyltransferase; Adenosine; Adenosine Deaminase; Chromosome Deletion; Chromosome Mapping; Chromosomes, Bacterial; Conjugation, Genetic; Escherichia coli; Genes; Guanine; Guanosine; Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase; Hypoxanthines; Inosine; Mutation; Nucleoside Deaminases; Pentosyltransferases; Purines; Recombination, Genetic; Transduction, Genetic; Transferases; Xanthines | 1975 |
Isolated rat liver cells - purine metabolism and effects of fructose.
Topics: Adenine; Adenine Nucleotides; Adenosine; Adenosine Deaminase Inhibitors; Animals; Fructose; Guanine; Guanine Nucleotides; Hypoxanthines; Liver; Oxygen Consumption; Phosphates; Purines; Rats | 1977 |
Purine metabolism in isolated rat hepatocytes.
Topics: Adenine; Adenine Nucleotides; Adenosine; Allantoin; Animals; Guanine; Guanine Nucleotides; Hypoxanthines; Liver; Oxygen Consumption; Purines; Rats | 1977 |
Purine and pyrimidine transport in Schistosoma mansoni.
Topics: Adenosine; Adenosine Monophosphate; Animals; Guanine; Hypoxanthines; Mice; Purines; Pyrimidines; Ribose; Schistosoma mansoni; Uridine | 1975 |
Mouse neuroblastoma adenylate cyclase. Adenosine and adenosine analogues as potent effectors of adenylate cyclase activity.
Topics: Adenine; Adenine Nucleotides; Adenosine; Adenosine Monophosphate; Adenylyl Cyclases; Animals; Clone Cells; Cytidine; Guanine; Guanosine; Kinetics; Mice; Neuroblastoma; Phosphorus Radioisotopes; Prostaglandins E; Ribose; Theophylline; Tolazoline; Uridine; Yohimbine | 1975 |
[Adsorption chromatography of the nitrogenous bases of nucleic acids and their derivatives on sephadex G-10 columns].
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Adenosine Diphosphate; Adenosine Monophosphate; Adenosine Triphosphate; Azaguanine; Chromatography; Cytosine; Cytosine Nucleotides; Guanine; Hypoxanthines; Nucleic Acids; Nucleotides; Pyrimidine Nucleotides; Uracil; Xanthines | 1975 |
Biosynthesis of formycin. Formation of formycin from formycin B.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Amino Acids; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Aspartic Acid; Fluorides; Formycins; Fumarates; Guanine; Guanosine; Inosine Nucleotides; Ligases; Lyases; Streptomyces | 1975 |
Relative importance of alternative pathways of purine nucleotide biosynthesis in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells in vivo.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; AMP Deaminase; Animals; Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor; Glycine; Guanine; Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase; Hypoxanthines; Mice; Pentosyltransferases; Purine Nucleotides | 1976 |
A low-affinity nucleobase transporter in the protozoan parasite Giardia intestinalis.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Carrier Proteins; Giardia lamblia; Guanine; Kinetics; Membrane Proteins; Nucleoside Transport Proteins; Temperature; Thymine | 1992 |
Determination of concentrations of adenosine and other purines in human term placenta by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode-array detection: evidence for pathways of purine metabolism in the placenta.
Topics: Adenosine; Adenosine Diphosphate; Adenosine Monophosphate; Adenosine Triphosphate; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Female; Guanine; Humans; NAD; NADP; Placenta; Pregnancy; Purines | 1992 |
Acyclic nucleotide analogues: synthesis, antiviral activity and inhibitory effects on some cellular and virus-encoded enzymes in vitro.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Antiviral Agents; Cidofovir; Cytosine; DNA Viruses; Guanine; In Vitro Techniques; Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors; Nucleotides; Organophosphonates; Organophosphorus Compounds; Purine-Nucleoside Phosphorylase; Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; Ribonucleotide Reductases; Structure-Activity Relationship; Tubercidin | 1990 |
Buoyant density of DNA-Hoechst 33258 (bisbenzimide) complexes in CsCl gradients: Hoechst 33258 binds to single AT base pairs.
Topics: Adenosine; Base Composition; Bisbenzimidazole; Calibration; Centrifugation, Density Gradient; Cesium; Chlorides; Cytosine; DNA; DNA, Bacterial; Guanine; Thymine | 1991 |
Purine metabolites and pyrimidine bases in cerebrospinal fluid of children with simple febrile seizures.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Adenosine Monophosphate; Child, Preschool; Cytosine; Female; Guanine; Guanosine; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Infant; Inosine; Inosine Monophosphate; Male; Purines; Pyrimidine Nucleosides; Seizures, Febrile; Thymine; Uracil; Uric Acid; Xanthine; Xanthines | 1991 |
Methylthioadenosine serves as a single carbon source to the folate co-enzyme pool in rat bone marrow cells.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Bone Marrow; Carbon; Deoxyadenosines; Folic Acid; Formates; Glycine; Guanine; Male; Methionine; Methionine Adenosyltransferase; Oxidation-Reduction; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Serine; Thionucleosides | 1990 |
Effects of GA mismatches on the structure and thermodynamics of RNA internal loops.
Topics: Adenosine; Base Composition; Base Sequence; Circular Dichroism; Guanine; Hydrogen Bonding; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Molecular Structure; Nucleic Acid Conformation; Nucleic Acid Denaturation; Oligoribonucleotides; RNA, Double-Stranded; Thermodynamics | 1990 |
Purine nucleotide metabolism in resident and activated rat macrophages in vitro.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Guanine; Guanosine; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Inosine; Macrophage Activation; Macrophages; Pentosephosphates; Phosphoribosyl Pyrophosphate; Purine Nucleotides; Rats; Thioglycolates | 1985 |
Antigiardial activity of guanine arabinoside. Mechanism studies.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Animals; Arabinonucleotides; Deoxyadenosines; Deoxyguanosine; DNA Replication; Giardia; Guanine; Guanosine; Guanosine Triphosphate; Protein Biosynthesis; RNA | 1987 |
[The pool of free purine and pyrimidine nucleosides and bases in the thymocytes, and splenic T- and B-lymphocytes of C3HA mice during the growth of solid hepatoma 22a].
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Animals; B-Lymphocytes; Deoxycytidine; DNA, Neoplasm; Guanine; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Inosine; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental; Mice; Mice, Inbred C3H; Purine Nucleosides; Pyrimidine Nucleosides; Spleen; T-Lymphocytes; Thymus Gland; Time Factors; Xanthine; Xanthines | 1989 |
Three purine auxotrophic loci on the second chromosome of Drosophila melanogaster.
Topics: Adenosine; Animals; Chromosome Mapping; Drosophila melanogaster; Genetic Complementation Test; Guanine; IMP Dehydrogenase; Phenotype; Pteridines; Purines | 1985 |
Purine salvage in Entamoeba histolytica.
Topics: Adenine; Adenine Nucleotides; Adenosine; Animals; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Entamoeba histolytica; Guanine; Guanine Nucleotides; Guanosine; Inosine Monophosphate; Kinetics; Ribose | 1985 |
Inhibition of utilization of hypoxanthine and guanine in cells treated with the carbocyclic analog of adenosine. Phosphates of carbocyclic nucleoside analogs as inhibitors of hypoxanthine (guanine) phosphoribosyltransferase.
Topics: Adenosine; Animals; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cell Line; Coformycin; Colonic Neoplasms; Cyclic GMP; Cyclic IMP; Guanine; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase; Hypoxanthines; Inosine Nucleotides; Kinetics; Leukemia L1210; Mice; Pentosyltransferases; Ribonucleotides | 1985 |
Adenosine analog metabolism in Giardia lamblia. Implications for chemotherapy.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Formycins; Giardia; Giardiasis; Guanine; Phosphorylation; Purine-Nucleoside Phosphorylase; Tubercidin | 1986 |
Ruthenium(III) ion complexes with nucleic acid bases and nucleosides.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Cytosine; Guanine; Guanosine; Inosine; Ruthenium; Ruthenium Compounds; Spectrophotometry; Spectrophotometry, Infrared | 1988 |
Mononucleotide metabolism in the rat brain after transient ischemia.
Topics: Adenosine; Adenosine Monophosphate; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Brain; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Cytidine Triphosphate; Guanine; Guanosine Diphosphate; Guanosine Triphosphate; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Inosine; Inosine Monophosphate; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Male; Nucleotides; Phosphocreatine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Uridine Triphosphate | 1986 |
Differences in the metabolism and metabolic effects of the carbocyclic adenosine analogs, neplanocin A and aristeromycin.
Topics: Adenosine; Adenosine Deaminase; Adenosine Triphosphate; AMP Deaminase; Animals; Cell Division; Cell Line; Guanine; Guanosine Triphosphate; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Isomerism; Kinetics; Leukemia L1210; Mice | 1986 |
Repair of etheno DNA adducts by N-glycosylases.
Topics: Acetaldehyde; Adenine; Adenosine; DNA Glycosylases; DNA Repair; Guanine; Guanosine; N-Glycosyl Hydrolases; Substrate Specificity | 1986 |
Synthesis and biological properties of 9-(trans-4-hydroxy-2-buten-1-yl)adenine and guanine: open-chain analogues of neplanocin A.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Adenosine Deaminase Inhibitors; Animals; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Guanine; Indicators and Reagents; Leukemia L1210; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Mass Spectrometry; Mice; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1987 |
Antiviral activity and its mechanism of guanine 7-N-oxide on DNA and RNA viruses derived from salmonid.
Topics: Adenosine; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antiviral Agents; Guanine; Herpesviridae; Nucleic Acids; Rhabdoviridae; RNA, Viral; Salmon | 1985 |
Saccharopine dehydrogenase. A kinetic study of coenzyme binding.
Topics: Adenine Nucleotides; Adenosine; Adenosine Diphosphate; Adenosine Monophosphate; Binding Sites; Chromatography, Gel; Chromatography, Ion Exchange; Chromatography, Paper; Electrophoresis, Paper; Glyceric Acids; Guanine; Hypoxanthines; Kinetics; Lysine; Mathematics; NAD; NADP; Nucleoside Diphosphate Sugars; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-NH Group Donors; Protein Binding; Ribonucleotides; Ribose; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Ultrafiltration | 1974 |
Studies in prebiotic synthesis. VI. Synthesis of purine nucleosides.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Chromatography, Paper; Diphosphates; Electrophoresis, Paper; Guanine; Guanosine; Hot Temperature; Hypoxanthines; Inosine; Kinetics; Magnesium; Nucleosides; Phosphates; Ribonucleosides; Ribose | 1972 |
Variations in sarcoma and leukemia virus activity in somatic cell hybrids.
Topics: Adenosine; Animals; Cell Fusion; Cell Line; Cells, Cultured; Clone Cells; Cricetinae; Culture Media; Gammaretrovirus; Guanine; Hybrid Cells; Hypoxanthines; Isoelectric Focusing; Mice; Pentosyltransferases; Phosphotransferases; Rauscher Virus; Thymidine Kinase | 1972 |
Adenosine metabolism in Micrococcus sodonensis.
Topics: Adenosine; Adenosine Monophosphate; Carbon Radioisotopes; Cell-Free System; Culture Media; Glycine; Guanine; Guanosine; Hypoxanthines; Micrococcus; Nucleotides; Phosphotransferases; Purines; Ribonucleotides; Time Factors | 1973 |
The effects of bases and nucleosides on the intracellular contents of nucleotides and 5-phosphoribosyl 1-pyrophosphate in Escherichia coli.
Topics: Adenine; Adenine Nucleotides; Adenosine; Carbon Radioisotopes; Cytosine Nucleotides; Escherichia coli; Guanine; Guanine Nucleotides; Guanosine; Hypoxanthines; Inosine; Inosine Nucleotides; Kinetics; Organophosphorus Compounds; Orotic Acid; Pentosephosphates; Phosphoric Acids; Ribonucleosides; Ribonucleotides; Time Factors; Uracil; Uracil Nucleotides; Uridine | 1974 |
Adenosine-mediated elevation of cyclic 3':5'-adenosine monophosphate concentrations in cultured mouse neuroblastoma cells.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adenine; Adenosine; Animals; Benzyl Compounds; Clone Cells; Cyclic AMP; Ethers; Guanine; Guanosine; Histamine; Imidazoles; Isoproterenol; Mice; Neuroblastoma; Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; Stimulation, Chemical; Theophylline | 1973 |
Effect of pharmacological agents on human keratinocyte mitosis in vitro. I. Inhibition by adenine nucleotides.
Topics: Adenine; Adenine Nucleotides; Adenosine; Adenosine Diphosphate; Adenosine Monophosphate; Adenosine Triphosphate; Bucladesine; Cells, Cultured; Cyclic AMP; Cyclic GMP; Cytidine; Cytosine Nucleotides; Depression, Chemical; Guanine; Guanine Nucleotides; Guanosine; Guanosine Triphosphate; Humans; Hypoxanthines; Inosine; Inosine Nucleotides; Mitosis; Skin; Thymine Nucleotides; Uracil Nucleotides | 1974 |
Human IMP dehydrogenase. Kinetics and regulatory properties.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Carbon Radioisotopes; Cell Fractionation; Chromatography, DEAE-Cellulose; Chromatography, Paper; Cytosol; Female; Guanine; Guanosine; Humans; Inosine Nucleotides; Ketone Oxidoreductases; Kinetics; Mercaptopurine; Mitochondria; NAD; Placenta; Pregnancy; Purine Nucleotides; Pyrimidine Nucleotides; Structure-Activity Relationship; Ultracentrifugation | 1974 |
Reaction of methyl methanesulphonate with nucleic acids of fetal and newborn rats in vivo.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Autoradiography; Carbon Radioisotopes; Cytidine; DNA; Female; Fetus; Gestational Age; Guanine; Guanosine; Hydrolysis; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Maternal-Fetal Exchange; Mesylates; Methylation; Nucleic Acids; Pregnancy; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; RNA; Time Factors | 1974 |
3-Hydroxy-1-nitrophenyl-1(H-pyrazolo(3,4-b)pyridines as selective inhibitors of rat liver xanthine oxidase.
Topics: Adenosine; Aminohydrolases; Animals; Guanine; Guanosine; Liver; Nitrobenzenes; Proteins; Pyrazoles; Pyridines; Rats; Xanthine Oxidase | 1974 |
Presence of heterodisperse nuclear RNA in a plant: Zea mays.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Cell Nucleus; Cytosine; Guanine; Molecular Weight; Plants; RNA; Tritium; Uracil; Zea mays | 1974 |
Requirements of Acholeplasma laidlawii A, strain LA 1, for nucleic acid precursors.
Topics: Acholeplasma laidlawii; Adenosine; Colorimetry; Cytidine; Cytosine; Deoxyribose; DNA, Bacterial; Guanine; Guanosine; Nephelometry and Turbidimetry; Nucleosides; Purines; Pyrimidines; Ribose; RNA, Bacterial; Thymidine; Thymine; Uracil; Uridine | 1974 |
Identification of the enzymatic pathways of nucleotide metabolism in human lymphocytes and leukemia cells.
Topics: Adenine; Adenine Nucleotides; Adenosine; Aminohydrolases; Animals; Cell Fractionation; Cell Line; Child; Cytidine; Guanine; Guanine Nucleotides; Humans; Leukemia, Lymphoid; Lymphocytes; Male; Nucleotides; Pentosyltransferases; Phosphotransferases; Purine Nucleotides; Purines; Pyrimidines; Sarcoma 180; Xanthine Oxidase | 1973 |
Guanine and hypoxanthine formation in iridophores of the bullfrog tadpole.
Topics: Adenosine; Animals; Anura; Autoradiography; Carbon Isotopes; Chromatography, Gel; Chromatophores; Deoxyribonucleosides; Guanine; Guanosine; Hypoxanthines; Inosine; Kinetics; Larva; Nucleosides; Pentosyltransferases; Phosphates; Rana catesbeiana; Skin; Spectrophotometry; Tritium; Ultraviolet Rays | 1972 |
Adenosine aminohydrolase from Halobacterium cutirubrum.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Adenosine Monophosphate; Aminohydrolases; Ammonium Sulfate; Chemical Precipitation; Chromatography, Gel; Cytidine; Deoxyadenosines; Dextrans; Enzyme Activation; Glycols; Guanine; Halobacterium; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Molecular Weight; Nucleosides; Polyethylenes; Sodium Chloride; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1973 |
[Inhibition of a t-RNA N 2 -guanine methyl transferase from rabbit liver by analogs of S-adenosyl homocysteine].
Topics: Adenosine; Animals; Escherichia coli; Guanine; Homocysteine; Kinetics; Liver; Methods; Methyltransferases; Rabbits; RNA, Transfer; Structure-Activity Relationship | 1972 |
Purine nucleoside metabolism in Escherichia coli.
Topics: Adenosine; Aminohydrolases; Biological Transport; Carbon Radioisotopes; Chromatography, Gel; Enzyme Induction; Escherichia coli; Guanine; Guanosine; Hypoxanthines; Inosine; Kinetics; Mutation; Pentosyltransferases; Phosphotransferases; Purine Nucleosides; Spectrophotometry; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Time Factors; Xanthines | 1973 |
On the existence of a guanine nucleotide trap, the role of adenosine kinase and a possible cause of excessive purine production in mammalian cells.
Topics: Adenosine; Adenosine Monophosphate; Animals; Cell Line; Fibroblasts; Gout; Guanine; Guanine Nucleotides; HeLa Cells; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Inosine Nucleotides; Mice; Phosphotransferases; Purines; Uric Acid; Xanthines | 1972 |
Pathways of nucleotide metabolism in Schistosoma mansoni. 3. Identification of enzymes in cell-free extracts.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Adenosine Monophosphate; Aminohydrolases; Animals; Carbon Isotopes; Cell-Free System; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Creatine Kinase; Cytidine; Freeze Drying; Guanine; Hypoxanthines; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Nucleotides; Pentosyltransferases; Phosphotransferases; Purines; Schistosoma mansoni; Time Factors | 1973 |
[Guanine and adenosine deaminase activities in blood serum in the course of viral hepatitis].
Topics: Adenosine; Adolescent; Adult; Aminohydrolases; Female; Guanine; Hepatitis A; Humans; Male; Middle Aged | 1973 |
Degradation of nucleic acid derivatives by rumen bacteria in vitro.
Topics: Adenosine; Animals; Bacteria; Cattle; Cell-Free System; Guanine; Guanosine; Hypoxanthines; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Nucleic Acids; Nucleosides; Nucleotides; Purines; Pyrimidines; Rumen; Thymine; Time Factors; Tissue Extracts; Uracil; Xanthines | 1973 |
Absence of demonstrable linkage of human genes for enzymes of the purine and pyrimidine salvage pathways in human-mouse somatic cell hybrids.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Alkaline Phosphatase; Aminohydrolases; Animals; Cell Line; Cytidine; Diploidy; Electrophoresis; Fibroblasts; Guanine; HeLa Cells; Humans; Hybrid Cells; Hypoxanthines; Isoelectric Focusing; L Cells; Mice; Nucleotidases; Pentosyltransferases; Phosphotransferases; Purines; Pyrimidines; Thymidine Kinase | 1973 |
Development of defined media for growth of Trypanosoma brucei sspp.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Bicarbonates; Buffers; Cell Count; Citrates; Culture Media; Glucosamine; Guanine; Guanosine; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Proline; Succinates; Trypanosoma brucei brucei | 1973 |
Purine metabolism in intact erythrocytes from controls and HG-PRT deficient individuals.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Carbon Radioisotopes; Cell Membrane; Erythrocytes; Guanine; Guanine Nucleotides; Humans; Hypoxanthines; Inosine Nucleotides; Kinetics; Pentosephosphates; Pentosyltransferases; Purine-Pyrimidine Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Purines; Time Factors | 1973 |
Automated kinetic assays for routine determination of adenosine deaminase and guanase activities of human serum.
Topics: Adenosine; Aminohydrolases; Animals; Autoanalysis; Azaguanine; Cats; Drug Stability; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Guanine; Humans; Kinetics; Liver; Methods; Species Specificity; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Time Factors | 1973 |
Production of flavine-adenine dinucleotide from riboflavine by a mutant of Sarcina lutea.
Topics: Acetates; Adenine; Adenosine; Air; Aminohydrolases; Culture Media; Cycloserine; Fermentation; Flavin Mononucleotide; Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide; Guanine; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Mutation; Penicillins; Riboflavin; Sarcina; Sodium; Streptomycin; Surface-Active Agents; Thiamine | 1974 |
Chinese hamster cells exhibiting a temperature dependent alteration in purine transport.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Animals; Antimetabolites; Azaguanine; Biological Transport; Carbon Radioisotopes; Cell Division; Cell Line; Cricetinae; Female; Guanine; Guanosine; Hybrid Cells; Hypoxanthines; Inosine Nucleotides; Kinetics; Ovary; Pentosephosphates; Pentosyltransferases; Phenotype; Purines; Temperature; Thymidine | 1974 |
Preferential interaction of manganous ions with the guanine moiety in nucleosides, dinucleoside monophosphates, and deoxyribonucleic acid.
Topics: Adenine Nucleotides; Adenosine; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Chlorides; Cytidine; Cytosine Nucleotides; Deoxyribonucleosides; Deuterium; DNA, Bacterial; Escherichia coli; Guanidines; Guanine; Guanine Nucleotides; Hot Temperature; Magnesium; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Manganese; Micrococcus; Nucleic Acid Denaturation; Proteus mirabilis; Spectrophotometry; Thymine Nucleotides; Ultraviolet Rays | 1971 |
Adaptive significance of inosine and adenosine kinase activities in cultured human skin fibroblasts.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Azaserine; Cells, Cultured; Fibroblasts; Guanine; Humans; Hypoxanthines; Inosine; Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome; Phosphotransferases; Skin; Thymidine; Tritium | 1972 |
Selective inhibition of xanthine oxidase by 3-hydroxy-1-nitrophenyl-1H-pyrazolo(4,3-c)pyridines.
Topics: Adenosine; Allopurinol; Aminohydrolases; Animals; Guanine; Guanosine; Liver; Nicotinic Acids; Nitrophenols; Protein Binding; Rats; Spectrum Analysis; Structure-Activity Relationship; Ultraviolet Rays; Xanthine Oxidase | 1972 |
Inhibition of guanine metabolism of mammalian tumor cells by the carbocyclic analogue of adenosine.
Topics: Adenine; Adenocarcinoma; Adenosine; Carbon Isotopes; Cells, Cultured; Chromatography, Paper; Cyclopentanes; Guanine; Guanine Nucleotides; Hypoxanthines; Inosine Nucleotides; Kinetics; Neoplasms, Experimental; Pentosephosphates; Pentosyltransferases; Phosphotransferases | 1971 |
The mechanism of aristeromycin. I. Growth inhibition of Xanthomonas oryzae by aristeromycin.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cytidine; Cytosine; Deoxyuridine; Guanine; Guanosine; Hypoxanthines; Inosine; Nucleosides; Thymidine; Thymine; Uracil; Uridine; Xanthines; Xanthomonas | 1971 |
Pathways of purine ribonucleotide catabolism in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells in vitro.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Adenosine Monophosphate; Animals; Carbon Isotopes; Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor; Cell Line; Guanine; Guanine Nucleotides; Guanosine; Hypoxanthines; Inosine; Inosine Nucleotides; Kinetics; Models, Biological; Nucleotides; Ribonucleosides; Ribonucleotides; Xanthines | 1971 |
[Relaxant effect of adenosine triphosphate and its related nucleotides on the guinea-pig taenia coli].
Topics: Adenosine; Adenosine Diphosphate; Adenosine Monophosphate; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Atropine; Colon; Depression, Chemical; Electric Stimulation; Guanine; Guanosine; Guinea Pigs; Imidazoles; In Vitro Techniques; Inosine; Muscle, Smooth; Nucleotides; Phenoxybenzamine; Phentolamine; Quinidine | 1971 |
Precursor pools and RNA synthesis in preimplantation mouse embryos.
Topics: Adenine; Adenine Nucleotides; Adenosine; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Chromatography, Paper; Embryo Implantation; Embryo, Mammalian; Female; Gestational Age; Guanine; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Purines; Pyrimidines; RNA; Spectrophotometry; Tritium; Uridine | 1971 |
Purine metabolism in mesophyll protoplasts of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) leaves.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Guanine; Hypoxanthines; Nicotiana; Plants; Plants, Toxic; Protoplasts; Purines; RNA | 1980 |
Azathioprine and 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) suppress the human mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) by different mechanisms.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Aminoimidazole Carboxamide; Azathioprine; DNA; Guanine; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; In Vitro Techniques; Inosine; Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed; Lymphocytes; Mercaptopurine; Xanthine; Xanthines | 1984 |
Adenosine receptors in brain membranes: binding of N6-cyclohexyl[3H]adenosine and 1,3-diethyl-8-[3H]phenylxanthine.
Topics: Adenosine; Adenosine Deaminase; Animals; Brain; Cattle; Guanine; Guinea Pigs; Membranes; Nucleosides; Purines; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, Purinergic; Species Specificity; Xanthines | 1980 |
Comparative effect of S-adenosyl-homocysteine (SAH) and Sinefungin on tRNA-base methylation in whole cells and in vitro.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Animals; Antifungal Agents; Avian Sarcoma Viruses; Cell Transformation, Viral; Escherichia coli; Guanine; Homocysteine; Methylation; RNA, Transfer; S-Adenosylhomocysteine | 1981 |
Specificity and control of uptake of purines and other compounds in Bacillus subtilis.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Aminoisobutyric Acids; Bacillus subtilis; Biological Transport; Guanine; Guanosine; Guanosine Triphosphate; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Inosine; Kinetics; Methylglucosides; Methylglycosides; Purines; Spores, Bacterial; Uracil | 1983 |
A kinetic study of the immediate nucleotide precursor of riboflavin in whole cells of Eremothecium ashbyii at rest.
Topics: Adenosine; Carbon Radioisotopes; Chromatography; Guanine; Guanosine; Kinetics; Nucleotides; Riboflavin; Saccharomycetales; Xanthine; Xanthines | 1984 |
Interaction among the distinct effects of adenine and guanine depletion in mouse lymphoma cells.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Alanine; Animals; Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; Cell Division; DNA Replication; Guanine; Kinetics; Lymphoma; Methylthioinosine; Mice; Mycophenolic Acid | 1984 |
Purine metabolism during continuous erythrocyte culture of human malaria parasites (P. falciparum).
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Adenosine Triphosphate; Carbon Radioisotopes; Erythrocytes; Guanine; Humans; Hypoxanthines; Plasmodium falciparum; Purines | 1981 |
Uridine and uracil transport in Escherichia coli and transport-deficient mutants.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Biological Transport; Escherichia coli; Guanine; Hypoxanthines; Inosine; Kinetics; Mutation; Species Specificity; Thymine; Uracil; Uridine | 1981 |
Abundance of guanine, guanosine, inosine and adenosine in human seminal plasma.
Topics: Adenosine; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Guanine; Guanosine; Humans; Inosine; Male; Ribonucleosides; Semen; Sperm Count; Vasectomy | 1995 |
Eicar (5-ethynyl-1-beta-D-ribofuranosylimidazole-4-carboxamide). A novel potent inhibitor of inosinate dehydrogenase activity and guanylate biosynthesis.
Topics: Adenosine; Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Cell Division; Deoxyguanine Nucleotides; Guanine; Guanosine; Guanosine Triphosphate; Humans; IMP Dehydrogenase; Leukemia L1210; Lymphocytes; Mice; Mycophenolic Acid; Purine Nucleotides; Ribavirin; Ribonucleosides; Ribonucleotides; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 1993 |
Crystal structure of RNase T1(Y45W) complexed with 3'AMP and GflpA.
Topics: Adenosine; Adenosine Monophosphate; Amino Acid Sequence; Binding Sites; Crystallography, X-Ray; Deoxyguanosine; Guanine; Hydrogen Bonding; Molecular Sequence Data; Protein Conformation; Protein Structure, Secondary; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Ribonuclease T1 | 1993 |
Global analysis of steady-state polarized fluorescence spectra using trilinear curve resolution.
Topics: Adenosine; Cytosine; DNA; Fluorescence Polarization; Guanine; Mathematics; Models, Theoretical; Quantum Theory; Thymine | 1993 |
A base substitution within the GTPase-associated domain of mammalian 28 S ribosomal RNA causes high thiostrepton accessibility.
Topics: Adenosine; Animals; Base Sequence; Binding Sites; Cloning, Molecular; Escherichia coli; GTP Phosphohydrolases; Guanine; Kinetics; Liver; Macromolecular Substances; Molecular Sequence Data; Nucleic Acid Conformation; Point Mutation; Rats; Ribosomes; RNA, Bacterial; RNA, Ribosomal, 28S; Thiostrepton | 1995 |
Formation of etheno and oxoethyl adducts in liver DNA from rats exposed subchronically to urethane in drinking water and ethanol.
Topics: Adenosine; Animals; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; DNA; DNA Adducts; Ethanol; Guanine; Liver; Male; Mutagens; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Time Factors; Urethane; Water Supply | 1996 |
A purine-rich sequence in the human BM-40 gene promoter region is a prerequisite for maximum transcription.
Topics: Adenosine; Animals; Base Sequence; Cattle; Consensus Sequence; Gene Expression Regulation; Guanine; Humans; Mice; Molecular Sequence Data; Osteonectin; Promoter Regions, Genetic; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid; Sequence Alignment; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; Species Specificity; Transcription, Genetic | 1995 |
Gene polymorphism at position -308 of the tumor-necrosis-factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in multiple sclerosis and it's influence on the regulation of TNF-alpha production.
Topics: Adenosine; Adult; Alleles; Cloning, Molecular; Exons; Female; Gene Expression Regulation; Guanine; Humans; Major Histocompatibility Complex; Male; Middle Aged; Multiple Sclerosis; Point Mutation; Polymorphism, Genetic; Promoter Regions, Genetic; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 1996 |
Leading versus lagging strand mutagenesis induced by 7,8-dihydro-8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine in Escherichia coli.
Topics: 2-Acetylaminofluorene; 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; Adenosine; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Bacterial Proteins; Base Composition; Deoxyguanosine; DNA Adducts; DNA Glycosylases; DNA Helicases; DNA Repair; DNA Transposable Elements; DNA-Binding Proteins; DNA-Formamidopyrimidine Glycosylase; Endodeoxyribonucleases; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Proteins; Frameshift Mutation; Guanine; Mutagenesis; Mutagenicity Tests; N-Glycosyl Hydrolases; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; Plasmids; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Pyrophosphatases; Replication Origin; Thymine | 1997 |
Carbocyclic oxetanocins lacking the C-3' methylene.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Animals; Antiviral Agents; Cells, Cultured; Giant Cells; Guanine; Herpesvirus 1, Human; Herpesvirus 3, Human; HIV-1; HIV-2; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Molecular Structure; Viruses | 1997 |
Hypoxanthine uptake at the fetal side of human placenta proceeds through a nucleobase-preferring carrier and a non-saturable process.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Biological Transport; Blood Flow Velocity; Female; Fetus; Guanine; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Papaverine; Placenta; Pregnancy; Sodium; Tritium | 1997 |
Factors influencing the extent and selectivity of alkylation within triplexes by reactive G/A motif oligonucleotides.
Topics: Adenosine; Alkylation; Antineoplastic Agents; Base Composition; Base Sequence; Berberine Alkaloids; Chlorambucil; Cross-Linking Reagents; DNA; Guanine; Guanosine; HLA-DQ Antigens; HLA-DQ beta-Chains; Humans; Hydrolysis; Molecular Sequence Data; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides | 1997 |
Expansion of the cellular content of ribonucleoside triphosphates induces cell shrinkage and KCl loss in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells and in Chinese hamster ovary cells.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor; Chloride Channels; Chlorides; CHO Cells; Cricetinae; Guanine; Guanosine; Guanosine Triphosphate; Kinetics; Mice; Potassium Channels; Potassium Chloride; Purines; Ribonucleotides; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 1997 |
G5644A polymorphism in the interferon-gamma (INFG) gene.
Topics: Adenosine; Guanine; Humans; Interferon-gamma; Point Mutation; Polymorphism, Genetic | 1998 |
Rat cultured astrocytes release guanine-based purines in basal conditions and after hypoxia/hypoglycemia.
Topics: Adenosine; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Astrocytes; Cell Differentiation; Cell Hypoxia; Cells, Cultured; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Guanine; Hypoglycemia; Purines; Rats; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet | 1999 |
Re-design of Rhodobacter sphaeroides dimethyl sulfoxide reductase. Enhancement of adenosine N1-oxide reductase activity.
Topics: Adenosine; Bacterial Proteins; Cloning, Molecular; Coenzymes; Cyclic N-Oxides; Escherichia coli; Guanine; Iron-Sulfur Proteins; Metalloproteins; Molybdenum; Molybdenum Cofactors; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Oxidoreductases; Protein Engineering; Pteridines; Recombinant Proteins; Rhodobacter sphaeroides; Substrate Specificity | 1999 |
The prebiotic synthesis of modified purines and their potential role in the RNA world.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Amines; Amino Acids; Guanine; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hydrolysis; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Purines; RNA; Temperature | 1999 |
Interaction of adenosine and guanine derivatives in the rat hippocampus: effects on cyclic AMP levels and on the binding of adenosine analogues and GMP.
Topics: Adenosine; Animals; Binding Sites; Cyclic AMP; Guanine; Guanosine Monophosphate; Hippocampus; Purinergic P1 Receptor Agonists; Radioligand Assay; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2000 |
Induction of oxidative DNA damage in u937 cells by TNF or anti-Fas stimulation.
Topics: Adenosine; Aphidicolin; Apoptosis; DNA; DNA Damage; Enzyme Inhibitors; fas Receptor; Free Radicals; Guanine; Humans; Oxidation-Reduction; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; U937 Cells | 2000 |
Purine-induced alterations of dopamine metabolism in rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Guanine; Guanosine; Hypoxanthine; Neostriatum; Neural Pathways; Neurons; Parkinson Disease; PC12 Cells; Purines; Rats; Substantia Nigra; Uric Acid; Xanthine | 2000 |
Energy-related metabolites during and after induced myocardial infarction with special emphasis on the reperfusion injury after extracorporeal circulation.
Topics: Adenosine; Animals; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Dialysis Solutions; Disease Models, Animal; Energy Metabolism; Extracorporeal Circulation; Guanine; Heart Arrest, Induced; Hypoxanthine; Inosine; Lactic Acid; Microdialysis; Myocardial Infarction; Myocardium; Pyruvic Acid; Reperfusion Injury; Swine; Taurine | 2001 |
A new G-tailing method for the determination of the poly(A) tail length applied to hepatitis A virus RNA.
Topics: Adenosine; Animals; Base Sequence; Cell Line; DNA Primers; Genome, Viral; Guanine; Hepatovirus; Humans; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; Poly A; Poly G; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Messenger; RNA, Viral; Sensitivity and Specificity; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Transfection; Virus Replication | 2001 |
Some aspects of the role of vitamin B12 in nucleic acid synthesis in a neoplastic C3H mouse cell strain. I. Growth studies.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Animals; Cell Division; Cytidine; Deoxyadenosines; Deoxycytidine; Deoxyuridine; DNA, Neoplasm; Folic Acid; Guanine; Mice; Nucleic Acid Precursors; Nucleosides; Pyrimidines; Thymidine; Tumor Cells, Cultured; Uridine; Vitamin B 12 | 1970 |
Nonenzymatic template-directed synthesis on hairpin oligonucleotides. 3. Incorporation of adenosine and uridine residues.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Base Composition; Base Sequence; Cytidine Monophosphate; Cytosine; Guanine; Guanosine Monophosphate; Molecular Sequence Data; Oligonucleotides; Polymers; Templates, Genetic; Thymidine; Thymine; Uridine | 1992 |
Nonenzymatic oligomerization reactions on templates containing inosinic acid or diaminopurine nucleotide residues.
Topics: 2-Aminopurine; Adenine; Adenosine; Adenosine Monophosphate; Base Pairing; Cytidine Monophosphate; Cytosine; DNA Primers; Evolution, Chemical; Evolution, Molecular; Exobiology; Guanine; Inosine Monophosphate; RNA; Templates, Genetic; Uracil; Uridine Monophosphate | 1999 |
Guanine nucleosides and Jurkat cell death: roles of ATP depletion and accumulation of deoxyribonucleotides.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Apoptosis; Cell Nucleus; Cell Separation; Deoxyadenosines; Deoxyguanosine; Deoxyribonucleotides; Flow Cytometry; Guanine; Guanosine; Guanosine Triphosphate; Humans; Jurkat Cells; K562 Cells; Leukocytes; Time Factors | 2001 |
Mechanisms of apoptosis induced by purine nucleosides in astrocytes.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Adenosine Deaminase; Adenosine Deaminase Inhibitors; Animals; Apoptosis; Astrocytes; Carrier Proteins; Cells, Cultured; Central Nervous System; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Inhibitors; Female; Guanine; Guanosine; Hypoxanthine; Inosine; Male; Purine Nucleosides; Purinergic P1 Receptor Antagonists; Pyridines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor, Adenosine A3; Receptors, Purinergic P1; RNA, Messenger | 2002 |
Guanine nucleotides guanosine 5'-diphosphate 3'-diphosphate and GTP co-operatively regulate the production of an antibiotic bacilysin in Bacillus subtilis.
Topics: Adenosine; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacillus subtilis; Bacterial Proteins; beta-Galactosidase; Blotting, Northern; Dipeptides; DNA-Binding Proteins; Guanine; Guanosine Tetraphosphate; Guanosine Triphosphate; Models, Chemical; Models, Genetic; Mutation; Peptide Synthases; Plasmids; Repressor Proteins; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; Time Factors; Transcription, Genetic | 2003 |
New quadruplex structure of GGA triplet repeat DNA--an intramolecular quadruplex composed of a G:G:G:G tetrad and G(:A):G(:A):G(:A):G heptad, and its dimerization.
Topics: Adenosine; Dimerization; DNA; DNA Replication; G-Quadruplexes; Guanine; Models, Molecular; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; Nucleic Acid Conformation; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid | 2001 |
[The effect of purines, nucleosides, nucleotides and adenosinetriphosphate on the division and development of sea urchin eggs after treatment with dinitrophenol].
Topics: Adenosine; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Dinitrophenols; Echinodermata; Guanine; Guanosine; Nitrophenols; Nucleosides; Nucleotides; Purines; Sea Urchins | 1954 |
The effect of purines, nucleosides, and nucleotides on the carcinostatic action of 8-azaguanine.
Topics: Adenosine; Animals; Azaguanine; Eye Neoplasms; Guanine; Guanosine; Neoplasms, Experimental; Nucleosides; Nucleotides; Purines | 1954 |
Cytological studies on the antimetabolite action of 2, 6-diaminopurine in Vicia faba roots.
Topics: 2-Aminopurine; Adenine; Adenosine; Antimetabolites; Cell Division; Deoxyadenosines; DNA; Growth; Guanine; Hypoxanthine; Purines; Vicia faba | 1955 |
[Substances derived from Crataegus. VIII. Adenosine, adenine, guanine, uric acid].
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Crataegus; Guanine; Plant Extracts; Plants; Uric Acid | 1955 |
Biosynthesis of S-adenosylmethionine by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. I. Adenine and methionine requirments.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Guanine; Methionine; Naphthalenes; S-Adenosylmethionine; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Sulfonamides; Yeasts | 1962 |
REGULATION OF XANTHINE DEHYDROGENASE IN CHICK LIVER. EFFECT OF STARVATION AND OF ADMINISTRATION OF PURINES AND PURINE NUCLEOSIDES.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Animals; Chickens; Cortisone; Guanine; Guanosine; Hypoxanthines; Inosine; Liver; Nucleosides; Pharmacology; Poultry; Purine Nucleosides; Purines; Puromycin; Research; Ribonucleosides; Spectrophotometry; Starvation; Xanthine Dehydrogenase; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines | 1965 |
Biosynthesis of nucleic acid purines. I. Formation of guanine from adenine compounds in bone marrow extracts.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Biochemical Phenomena; Bone Marrow; Guanine; Nucleic Acids; Purines; Tissue Extracts | 1955 |
Nucleic acid analysis using an expanded genetic alphabet to quench fluorescence.
Topics: Adenosine; DNA; DNA, Viral; Fluorescence; Genes, gag; Guanine; Guanosine; Guanosine Triphosphate; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Sensitivity and Specificity; Sequence Analysis, DNA | 2004 |
Efficient synthesis of an adenosine A2a agonist: glycosylation of 2-haloadenines and an N2-alkyl-6-chloroguanine.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Adenosine A2 Receptor Agonists; Alkylation; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Glycosylation; Guanine; Hydrocarbons, Halogenated; Maleates; Molecular Structure; Purines; Ribose | 2004 |
Feature selection for splice site prediction: a new method using EDA-based feature ranking.
Topics: Adenosine; Algorithms; Arabidopsis; Base Composition; Chromosomes, Plant; Computational Biology; Databases, Genetic; Guanine; Predictive Value of Tests; RNA Splice Sites; RNA, Plant; Software; Software Validation | 2004 |
Comparison of smooth muscle effects of crotonoside (isoguanosine) and adenosine.
Topics: Adenosine; Guanine; Guanosine; Humans; Muscle, Smooth; Muscles | 1949 |
Identification of a new point mutation in hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase responsible for hyperuricemia in a female patient.
Topics: Adenosine; Adult; DNA, Complementary; Female; Glutamic Acid; Guanine; Humans; Hyperuricemia; Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase; Lysine; Point Mutation; Sequence Analysis, DNA | 2004 |
[Simultaneous determination of ergosterol, nucleosides and their bases from natural and cultured Cordyceps by pressurized solvent extraction and high performance liquid chromatography].
Topics: Adenosine; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Cordyceps; Cytosine; Ergosterol; Guanine; Nucleosides | 2004 |
A new mutation of the noggin gene in a French Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) family.
Topics: Adenosine; Carrier Proteins; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17; DNA Mutational Analysis; Genetic Carrier Screening; Guanine; Hallux Valgus; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Male; Myositis Ossificans; Pedigree; Peptides; Sequence Analysis, DNA | 2005 |
8-oxoguanine incorporation into DNA repeats in vitro and mismatch recognition by MutSalpha.
Topics: Adenosine; Base Pair Mismatch; Cytosine; Deoxyguanine Nucleotides; DNA; DNA Glycosylases; DNA Repair; DNA-Binding Proteins; Guanine; Guanosine Monophosphate; MutS Homolog 2 Protein; Proto-Oncogene Proteins; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid | 2005 |
Condensation of nucleobases at mercury/aqueous solution interface--a structural perspective using hydrogen bonding considerations.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Adsorption; Cytosine; Electrodes; Electrolytes; Guanine; Hydrogen Bonding; Mercury; Potassium; Purines; Pyrimidines; Sodium; Solutions; Thermodynamics; Thiouracil; Thymine; Uracil; Water | 2002 |
The mucin-1 568 adenosine to guanine polymorphism influences serum Krebs von den Lungen-6 levels.
Topics: Adenosine; Adult; Antigens, Neoplasm; Female; Genotype; Guanine; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mucin-1; Mucins; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Sarcoidosis | 2006 |
Identification of inhibitors of ribozyme self-cleavage in mammalian cells via high-throughput screening of chemical libraries.
Topics: Acridine Orange; Adenosine; Animals; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; beta-Galactosidase; Cell Line; Cytidine; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Enzyme Inhibitors; Ethidium; Fluorouracil; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; Guanine; Humans; Mice; Mice, Nude; Molecular Structure; RNA, Catalytic; Toyocamycin; Tubercidin; Uridine | 2006 |
Mutational analysis of Encephalitozoon cuniculi mRNA cap (guanine-N7) methyltransferase, structure of the enzyme bound to sinefungin, and evidence that cap methyltransferase is the target of sinefungin's antifungal activity.
Topics: Adenosine; Antifungal Agents; Binding Sites; Crystallography, X-Ray; DNA Mutational Analysis; Encephalitozoon cuniculi; Guanine; Kinetics; Methylation; Methyltransferases; Models, Molecular; Mutation; Protein Binding; Saccharomyces cerevisiae | 2006 |
Stable and unique DNA duplex motifs.
Topics: Adenosine; Base Pairing; Base Sequence; Dactinomycin; DNA; Guanine; Models, Molecular; Nucleic Acid Conformation | 2005 |
Mechanism of 3-deazaguanine transport in the rat heart.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Animals; Dinitrophenols; Female; Guanine; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Myocardium; Nucleoside Transport Proteins; Radioisotope Dilution Technique; Rats; Sodium; Thymidine; Thymine; Tritium | 2006 |
High-yield production of short GpppA- and 7MeGpppA-capped RNAs and HPLC-monitoring of methyltransfer reactions at the guanine-N7 and adenosine-2'O positions.
Topics: Adenosine; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Cytidine Triphosphate; DNA Primase; Guanine; Humans; Methyltransferases; Oligoribonucleotides; RNA Cap Analogs; Templates, Genetic | 2007 |
MLH1 -93G>A promoter polymorphism and the risk of microsatellite-unstable colorectal cancer.
Topics: Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; Adenosine; Carrier Proteins; Case-Control Studies; Colorectal Neoplasms; Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis; DNA Repair; Female; Gene Frequency; Genotype; Guanine; Humans; Male; Microsatellite Instability; Middle Aged; MutL Protein Homolog 1; MutS Homolog 2 Protein; Newfoundland and Labrador; Nuclear Proteins; Odds Ratio; Ontario; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Polymorphism, Genetic; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Promoter Regions, Genetic; Research Design; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; Surveys and Questionnaires | 2007 |
Novel high-resolution characterization of ancient DNA reveals C > U-type base modification events as the sole cause of post mortem miscoding lesions.
Topics: Adenosine; Animals; Cytosine; DNA; DNA Damage; DNA Fragmentation; DNA Primers; Fossils; Guanine; Humans; Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Taq Polymerase; Templates, Genetic; Uracil | 2007 |
Re: MLH1 93G>A promoter polymorphism and the risk of microsatellite-unstable colorectal cancer.
Topics: Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; Adenosine; Colorectal Neoplasms; Gene Frequency; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Guanine; Humans; Microsatellite Instability; MutL Protein Homolog 1; Newfoundland and Labrador; Nuclear Proteins; Ontario; Polymorphism, Genetic; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Promoter Regions, Genetic; Registries; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors | 2007 |
Increased APOBEC3G expression is associated with extensive G-to-A hypermutation in viral DNA in rhesus macaque brain during lentiviral infection.
Topics: Adenosine; Animals; Cytidine Deaminase; DNA, Viral; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; Gene Expression Regulation, Viral; Guanine; Immunohistochemistry; In Situ Hybridization; Macaca mulatta; Mutation; RNA Probes; Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Simian Immunodeficiency Virus; Up-Regulation | 2007 |
Muscle 3243A-->G mutation load and capacity of the mitochondrial energy-generating system.
Topics: Adenosine; Adolescent; Adult; Child; Child, Preschool; DNA, Mitochondrial; Electron Transport; Energy Metabolism; Female; Guanine; Humans; Infant; Male; MELAS Syndrome; Middle Aged; Mitochondria, Muscle; Muscle, Skeletal; Mutation | 2008 |
Label-free electrochemical detection of adenosine based on electron transfer from guanine bases in an adenosine-sensitive aptamer.
Topics: Adenosine; Aptamers, Nucleotide; Base Sequence; Electrochemistry; Guanine; Molecular Conformation; Molecular Sequence Data; Organometallic Compounds | 2009 |
Heavy involvement of stringent transcription control depending on the adenine or guanine species of the transcription initiation site in glucose and pyruvate metabolism in Bacillus subtilis.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Bacillus subtilis; Bacterial Proteins; Base Sequence; DNA, Bacterial; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; Glucose; Guanine; Operon; Pyruvic Acid; Transcription Initiation Site; Transcription, Genetic | 2010 |
Preparation of the 2'-deoxynucleosides of 2,6-diaminopurine and isoguanine by direct glycosylation.
Topics: 2-Aminopurine; Adenosine; Glycosylation; Guanine; Guanosine; Molecular Structure; Nucleosides; Purine Nucleosides; Stereoisomerism; Structure-Activity Relationship | 2010 |
The del/del genotype of the nuclear factor-kappaB -94ATTG polymorphism and its relation to aggressive periodontitis.
Topics: Adenosine; Adult; Age Factors; Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans; Aggressive Periodontitis; Arginine; Bacteroides; Case-Control Studies; Chronic Periodontitis; Dental Plaque Index; Female; Genetic Variation; Genotype; Glutamine; Guanine; Heterozygote; Humans; INDEL Mutation; Male; Middle Aged; NF-kappa B; Polymorphism, Genetic; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Prevotella intermedia; Sequence Deletion; Sex Factors; Smoking; Thymine; Toll-Like Receptor 2; Treponema denticola; Tryptophan | 2010 |
Polymorphisms in the apoptosis-associated genes FAS and FASL and risk of oral cancer and malignant potential of oral premalignant lesions in a Taiwanese population.
Topics: Adenosine; Alcohol Drinking; Apoptosis; Areca; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cytosine; Fas Ligand Protein; fas Receptor; Female; Genetic Variation; Guanine; Haplotypes; Humans; Leukoplakia, Oral; Male; Middle Aged; Mouth Neoplasms; Oral Submucous Fibrosis; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Precancerous Conditions; Risk Factors; Smoking; Taiwan; Thymine | 2010 |
Kinetics of charge separation in poly(A)-poly(T) DNA hairpins.
Topics: 2-Aminopurine; Adenosine; Base Pairing; DNA; Guanine; Imides; Kinetics; Naphthalenes; Phenothiazines; Polymers; Thymidine | 2010 |
New insight on structural properties of hydrated nucleic acid bases from ab initio molecular dynamics.
Topics: Adenosine; Cytosine; Guanine; Molecular Dynamics Simulation; Nucleosides; Thymine; Water | 2010 |
Determination of the nucleosides and nucleobases in Tuber samples by dispersive solid-phase extraction combined with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Agaricales; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Chromatography, Liquid; Fermentation; Guanine; Guanosine; Hypoxanthine; Inosine; Mass Spectrometry; Nucleosides; Plant Extracts; Plant Tubers; Solid Phase Extraction; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Uridine | 2011 |
Development of a novel biosensing system based on the structural change of a polymerized guanine-quadruplex DNA nanostructure.
Topics: Adenosine; Aptamers, Nucleotide; Biosensing Techniques; G-Quadruplexes; Glucose 1-Dehydrogenase; Guanine; Nanostructures; Polymerization | 2011 |
Association between TNF-α promoter -308A/G polymorphism and tardive dyskinesian Chinese Han patients with schizophrenia.
Topics: Adenosine; Adult; Aged; Asian People; Female; Genetic Association Studies; Guanine; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Movement Disorders; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Promoter Regions, Genetic; Schizophrenia; Single-Blind Method; Surveys and Questionnaires; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2012 |
Structural basis for dual nucleotide selectivity of aminoglycoside 2''-phosphotransferase IVa provides insight on determinants of nucleotide specificity of aminoglycoside kinases.
Topics: Adenosine; Adenosine Triphosphate; Amino Acid Sequence; Aminoglycosides; Bacterial Proteins; Binding Sites; Casein Kinase II; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Guanine; Guanosine Triphosphate; Humans; Models, Chemical; Molecular Sequence Data; Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor); Protein Structure, Tertiary; Structure-Activity Relationship; Substrate Specificity | 2012 |
Associations between single-nucleotide polymorphisms of the VEGF gene and long-term prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma.
Topics: Adenosine; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cytosine; Disease-Free Survival; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Gene Frequency; Genotype; Guanine; Haplotypes; Humans; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Middle Aged; Mouth Neoplasms; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Neoplasm Staging; Neoplasms, Second Primary; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Prognosis; Retrospective Studies; Smoking; Survival Rate; Thymine; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; Young Adult | 2013 |
2'-Fluoro-6'-methylene-carbocyclic adenosine phosphoramidate (FMCAP) prodrug: in vitro anti-HBV activity against the lamivudine-entecavir resistant triple mutant and its mechanism of action.
Topics: Adenosine; Antiviral Agents; Binding Sites; Cells, Cultured; Drug Resistance, Viral; Guanine; Hepatitis B virus; Humans; Hydrogen Bonding; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Lamivudine; Models, Molecular; Molecular Structure; Mutation; Prodrugs; Thermodynamics | 2013 |
The ETFDH c.158A>G variation disrupts the balanced interplay of ESE- and ESS-binding proteins thereby causing missplicing and multiple Acyl-CoA dehydrogenation deficiency.
Topics: Adenosine; Amino Acid Motifs; Cadaver; Electron-Transferring Flavoproteins; Enhancer Elements, Genetic; Exons; Gene Expression Regulation; Genetic Variation; Guanine; HEK293 Cells; HeLa Cells; Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein A1; Heterogeneous-Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein Group A-B; Heterogeneous-Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein Group F-H; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Iron-Sulfur Proteins; Multiple Acyl Coenzyme A Dehydrogenase Deficiency; Mutation, Missense; Nuclear Proteins; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-NH Group Donors; Protein Binding; RNA Splicing; RNA-Binding Proteins; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Serine-Arginine Splicing Factors; Silencer Elements, Transcriptional; Trinucleotide Repeats | 2014 |
FAM20A mutations associated with enamel renal syndrome.
Topics: Adenosine; Amelogenesis Imperfecta; Animals; Child; Child, Preschool; Cytosine; Dental Enamel Hypoplasia; Dental Enamel Proteins; Dental Pulp Calcification; Exons; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Genes, Recessive; Genetic Vectors; Gingival Hyperplasia; Guanine; HEK293 Cells; Homozygote; Humans; Introns; Male; Mice; Mutation; Mutation, Missense; Nephrocalcinosis; Phenotype; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Sequence Deletion; Tooth Abnormalities; Tooth Eruption | 2014 |
Solution structure of the YTH domain in complex with N6-methyladenosine RNA: a reader of methylated RNA.
Topics: Adenosine; Animals; Binding Sites; Guanine; Methylation; Models, Molecular; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; Protein Binding; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Rats; RNA; RNA-Binding Proteins; Serine-Arginine Splicing Factors | 2014 |
APOBEC3A is implicated in a novel class of G-to-A mRNA editing in WT1 transcripts.
Topics: Adenosine; Base Sequence; Cytidine Deaminase; Guanine; Humans; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute; Leukocytes, Mononuclear; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutation; Proteins; RNA Editing; RNA Interference; RNA, Messenger; RNA, Small Interfering; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Umbilical Cord; Wilms Tumor; WT1 Proteins | 2015 |
GMP synthase is essential for viability and infectivity of Trypanosoma brucei despite a redundant purine salvage pathway.
Topics: Adenosine; Animals; Binding Sites; Carbon-Nitrogen Ligases; Cell Cycle; Gene Knockout Techniques; Guanine; Guanosine Monophosphate; Humans; Hypoxanthine; Metabolic Networks and Pathways; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Purines; Recombinant Proteins; Trypanosoma brucei brucei; Trypanosomiasis, African | 2015 |
Structural basis for methyl-donor-dependent and sequence-specific binding to tRNA substrates by knotted methyltransferase TrmD.
Topics: Adenosine; Amino Acid Sequence; Anticodon; Base Sequence; Binding Sites; Biocatalysis; Crystallography, X-Ray; Escherichia coli Proteins; Guanine; Haemophilus influenzae; Kinetics; Methylation; Models, Molecular; Molecular Sequence Data; RNA, Transfer; S-Adenosylmethionine; Sequence Alignment; Structure-Activity Relationship; Substrate Specificity; Thermotoga maritima; tRNA Methyltransferases | 2015 |
Mechanism of Adefovir, Tenofovir and Entecavir Resistance: Molecular Modeling Studies of How A Novel Anti-HBV Agent (FMCA) Can Overcome the Drug Resistance.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Amino Acid Sequence; Antiviral Agents; Binding Sites; Catalytic Domain; Databases, Protein; Drug Resistance, Viral; Gene Products, pol; Guanine; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis B virus; HIV Reverse Transcriptase; Humans; Hydrogen Bonding; Molecular Dynamics Simulation; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutation; Organophosphonates; Sequence Alignment; Tenofovir | 2015 |
New nucleoside hydrolase with transribosylation activity from Agromyces sp. MM-1 and its application for enzymatic synthesis of 2'-O-methylribonucleosides.
Topics: Actinomycetales; Adenine; Adenosine; Biocatalysis; Guanine; Hydrolysis; N-Glycosyl Hydrolases; Uridine | 2018 |
Reduced levels of modified nucleosides in the urine of autistic children. Preliminary studies.
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Adolescent; Autistic Disorder; Child; Child, Preschool; Chromatography, Liquid; Female; Guanine; Guanosine; Humans; Male; Mass Spectrometry | 2019 |
Tri-Cyclic Nucleobase Analogs and their Ribosides as Substrates of Purine-Nucleoside Phosphorylases. II Guanine and Isoguanine Derivatives.
Topics: Adenosine; Guanine; Guanosine; Kinetics; Nucleosides; Purine-Nucleoside Phosphorylase; Spectrum Analysis; Substrate Specificity | 2019 |
Direct evidence for (G)O6···H
Topics: Adenosine; Base Pairing; Cytosine; Density Functional Theory; DNA; Epigenesis, Genetic; Guanine; Hydrogen Bonding; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Nitrogen; Oligonucleotides; Thymine | 2019 |
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of a Novel C8-Pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) Adenosine Conjugate. A Study on the Role of the PBD Ring in the Biological Activity of PBD-Conjugates.
Topics: Adenosine; Animals; Base Sequence; Cell Line; Dioxins; DNA; Guanine; Ligands; Mice; Molecular Dynamics Simulation | 2020 |
Analysis of mitochondrial m1A/G RNA modification reveals links to nuclear genetic variants and associated disease processes.
Topics: Adenosine; ATP-Dependent Proteases; Cell Nucleus; Databases, Genetic; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genome-Wide Association Study; Guanine; Humans; Methylation; Mitochondria; Mitochondrial Proteins; Mutation, Missense; Phenotype; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Quantitative Trait Loci; Ribonuclease P; RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional; RNA-Seq; RNA, Mitochondrial; tRNA Methyltransferases | 2020 |
Site-specific RNA methylation by a methyltransferase ribozyme.
Topics: Adenosine; Base Sequence; Biocatalysis; Guanine; Methylation; Methyltransferases; Plasmids; RNA, Catalytic; RNA, Transfer; S-Adenosylmethionine | 2020 |
Experimental and theoretical rationalization for the base pairing abilities of inosine, guanosine, adenosine, and their corresponding 8-oxo-7,8-dihydropurine, and 8-bromopurine analogues within A-form duplexes of RNA.
Topics: Adenosine; Base Pairing; Guanine; Guanosine; Hydrogen Bonding; Inosine; Models, Chemical; Models, Genetic; Molecular Structure; Nucleic Acid Conformation; RNA; Thermodynamics | 2020 |
Impact of ADAR-induced editing of minor viral RNA populations on replication and transmission of SARS-CoV-2.
Topics: Adenosine; Adenosine Deaminase; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Amino Acid Substitution; COVID-19; Deamination; Female; Genetic Fitness; Genome, Viral; Guanine; Host-Pathogen Interactions; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Point Mutation; RNA Editing; RNA-Binding Proteins; RNA, Viral; SARS-CoV-2; Signal Transduction; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus; Sweden; Viral Load; Virulence | 2022 |
Radical Cascade Dissociation Pathways to Unusual Nucleobase Cation Radicals.
Topics: Adenosine; Cations; Free Radicals; Guanine; Guanosine | 2022 |
Sequence-specific targeting of RNA.
Topics: Adenosine; Guanine; Methylation; Methyltransferases; RNA | 2022 |
Facile access to 4'-(
Topics: Adenosine; Antiviral Agents; Azides; COVID-19 Drug Treatment; Exoribonucleases; Guanine; Humans; Methyltransferases; Nucleosides; RNA Caps; RNA, Viral; SARS-CoV-2; Sulfonamides; Viral Nonstructural Proteins | 2022 |