histone glutaryltransferase activity

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

Catalysis of the reaction: glutaryl-CoA + histone = CoA + H+ + N6-glutaryl-histone. [GOC:sp, PMID:31542297]

Histone glutaryltransferase activity involves the transfer of a glutaryl group from a glutaryl donor molecule to a histone protein. This enzymatic activity plays a crucial role in histone modification, a process that alters the structure of chromatin and regulates gene expression. Glutarylation, the addition of a glutaryl group, is a specific type of histone modification that influences the accessibility of DNA to transcription factors and other regulatory proteins.

The glutaryl donor molecule is typically succinyl-CoA, a key metabolite in the citric acid cycle. Histone glutaryltransferases are enzymes that possess catalytic domains capable of recognizing and binding both the glutaryl donor and histone substrates. Upon binding, the enzyme facilitates the transfer of the glutaryl group from succinyl-CoA to specific lysine residues within the histone tails. These lysine residues are often located within the N-terminal tails of histones, regions that are known to be highly modified.

Glutarylation of histones can have both activating and repressive effects on gene transcription. In some cases, glutarylation can promote the recruitment of transcriptional coactivators and enhance gene expression. In other instances, it can contribute to the compaction of chromatin, leading to gene silencing. The specific impact of glutarylation on gene regulation depends on a number of factors, including the site of modification, the identity of the histone involved, and the cellular context.

Overall, histone glutaryltransferase activity is a complex and dynamic process that contributes to the regulation of gene expression through histone modification. The precise mechanisms and functional consequences of this activity are still under investigation, but it is clear that glutarylation plays an important role in shaping the epigenetic landscape and maintaining cellular function.'
"

Proteins (1)

Compounds (2)