neuroligin family protein binding

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

Binding to a member of the neuroligin protein family, neuronal cell surface proteins that mediate synapse formation. [GOC:BHF, GOC:pr, GOC:sjp, PMID:21424692]

Neuroligin family protein binding refers to the interaction of neuroligins with their binding partners, primarily neurexins, which are transmembrane proteins found at presynaptic sites. This binding plays a critical role in synapse formation and function, contributing to the precise organization and stability of neuronal connections.

Neuroligins are cell adhesion molecules located on the postsynaptic membrane of neurons, while neurexins reside on the presynaptic membrane. Their interaction forms a trans-synaptic complex that bridges the synaptic cleft, linking the pre- and postsynaptic compartments. This linkage is crucial for the proper alignment and clustering of synaptic receptors and signaling molecules, ensuring efficient synaptic transmission.

The binding of neuroligins to neurexins is highly specific and regulated. Different isoforms of neuroligins and neurexins exist, each exhibiting distinct binding affinities. This diversity allows for the formation of unique synaptic connections with different properties and functions.

The interaction between neuroligins and neurexins triggers a cascade of intracellular signaling events that are essential for synapse development and plasticity. These events include the recruitment of scaffolding proteins, cytoskeletal elements, and signaling molecules, ultimately leading to the assembly of a functional synapse.

Furthermore, neuroligin-neurexin binding influences synaptic plasticity, which is the ability of synapses to adapt and change in response to activity. This plasticity is crucial for learning, memory, and other cognitive processes. Disruptions in neuroligin-neurexin interactions have been implicated in various neurological disorders, including autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia.'
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Proteins (1)

Compounds (1)