endoribonuclease activity, cleaving miRNA-paired mRNA
Definition
Target type: molecularfunction
Catalysis of the endonucleolytic cleavage of the mRNA in a double-stranded RNA molecule formed by the base pairing of an mRNA with an miRNA. [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, GOC:rph, PMID:15260970, PMID:19239888]
Endoribonuclease activity, cleaving miRNA-paired mRNA, is a crucial aspect of gene regulation involving the precise degradation of messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules that are bound by microRNAs (miRNAs). This process is essential for fine-tuning protein synthesis and ensuring proper cellular function. The endoribonuclease enzymes responsible for this activity specifically target the mRNA strand within the region where it forms a duplex with the miRNA. This targeted cleavage event disrupts the mRNA, preventing its translation into a protein. The efficiency and specificity of this process rely on the precise recognition of the miRNA-mRNA duplex by the endoribonuclease. The enzyme uses its catalytic domain to cleave the phosphodiester backbone of the mRNA strand, often within the region of the target site defined by the base pairing between the miRNA and mRNA. This cleavage event can lead to complete degradation of the mRNA or its destabilization, ultimately reducing the production of the corresponding protein. The activity of these endoribonucleases plays a fundamental role in maintaining cellular homeostasis by regulating gene expression at the post-transcriptional level, impacting a diverse range of cellular processes including development, differentiation, and response to environmental stimuli.'
"
Proteins (1)
| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| Protein argonaute-2 | A protein argonaute-2 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q9UKV8] | Homo sapiens (human) |
Compounds (4)
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| sulfaguanidine | sulfaguanidine : A sulfonamide incorporating a guanidine moiety used to block the synthesis of folic acid; mostly used in veterinary medicine Sulfaguanidine: A sulfanilamide antimicrobial agent that is used to treat enteric infections. | sulfonamide antibiotic | antiinfective agent |
| sulfanilamide | substituted aniline; sulfonamide; sulfonamide antibiotic | antibacterial agent; drug allergen; EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor | |
| sulfisomidine | sulfisomidine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine having methyl substituents at the 2- and 6-positions and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 4-position. Sulfisomidine: A sulfanilamide antibacterial agent. | pyrimidines; sulfonamide; sulfonamide antibiotic | antiinfective agent |
| uridine monophosphate | uridine 5'-monophosphate : A pyrimidine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate having uracil as the nucleobase. Uridine Monophosphate: 5'-Uridylic acid. A uracil nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety in the 2', 3' or 5' position. | pyrimidine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate; uridine 5'-phosphate | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |