Target type: molecularfunction
Catalysis of the reaction: L-cysteine + H2O = ammonia + pyruvate + hydrogen sulfide + H+. [MetaCyc:LCYSDESULF-RXN, PMID:19955263]
L-cysteine desulfhydrase activity is a molecular function that catalyzes the removal of sulfur from L-cysteine, producing pyruvate, ammonia, and hydrogen sulfide. This enzymatic reaction involves the cleavage of the C-S bond in L-cysteine, with the sulfur atom being released as hydrogen sulfide. The reaction is typically carried out in a two-step mechanism. First, the enzyme binds to L-cysteine and forms a covalent adduct. This adduct is then cleaved by the enzyme, releasing pyruvate, ammonia, and hydrogen sulfide. The enzyme can be found in various organisms, including bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes. It plays a crucial role in sulfur metabolism and detoxification, and it is also involved in the biosynthesis of certain amino acids, such as cysteine and taurine. The activity of L-cysteine desulfhydrase is regulated by various factors, including pH, temperature, and the presence of metal ions. This activity is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis and ensuring the proper functioning of the organism.'
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| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| Tryptophanase | A tryptophanase that is encoded in the genome of Escherichia coli K-12. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P0A853] | Escherichia coli K-12 |
| Cystathionine beta-lyase MetC | A cystathionine beta-lyase MetC that is encoded in the genome of Escherichia coli K-12. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P06721] | Escherichia coli K-12 |
| Cystathionine gamma-lyase | A cystathionine gamma-lyase that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P32929] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| aminooxyacetic acid | (aminooxy)acetic acid : A member of the class of hydroxylamines that is acetic acid substituted at postion 2 by an aminooxy group. It is a compound which inhibits aminobutyrate aminotransferase activity in vivo, resulting in increased levels of gamma-aminobutyric acid in tissues. Aminooxyacetic Acid: A compound that inhibits aminobutyrate aminotransferase activity in vivo, thereby raising the level of gamma-aminobutyric acid in tissues. | amino acid; hydroxylamines; monocarboxylic acid | anticonvulsant; EC 2.6.1.19 (4-aminobutyrate--2-oxoglutarate transaminase) inhibitor; EC 4.2.1.22 (cystathionine beta-synthase) inhibitor; nootropic agent |
| salicylic acid | Scalp: The outer covering of the calvaria. It is composed of several layers: SKIN; subcutaneous connective tissue; the occipitofrontal muscle which includes the tendinous galea aponeurotica; loose connective tissue; and the pericranium (the PERIOSTEUM of the SKULL). | monohydroxybenzoic acid | algal metabolite; antifungal agent; antiinfective agent; EC 1.11.1.11 (L-ascorbate peroxidase) inhibitor; keratolytic drug; plant hormone; plant metabolite |
| n-acetyltryptophan | N-acetyltryptophan : An N-acetylamino acid that is the N-acetyl derivative of tryptophan. | N-acetyl-amino acid; tryptophan derivative | metabolite |
| aurintricarboxylic acid | aurintricarboxylic acid : A member of the class of quinomethanes that is 3-methylidene-6-oxocyclohexa-1,4-diene-1-carboxylic acid in which the methylidene hydrogens are replaced by 4-carboxy-3-hydroxyphenyl groups. The trisodium salt is the biological stain 'chrome violet CG' while the triammonium salt is 'aluminon'. Aurintricarboxylic Acid: A dye which inhibits protein biosynthesis at the initial stages. The ammonium salt (aluminon) is a reagent for the colorimetric estimation of aluminum in water, foods, and tissues. | monohydroxybenzoic acid; quinomethanes; tricarboxylic acid | fluorochrome; histological dye; insulin-like growth factor receptor 1 antagonist |
| mesalamine | mesalamine : A monohydroxybenzoic acid that is salicylic acid substituted by an amino group at the 5-position. Mesalamine: An anti-inflammatory agent, structurally related to the SALICYLATES, which is active in INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE. It is considered to be the active moiety of SULPHASALAZINE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed) | amino acid; aromatic amine; monocarboxylic acid; monohydroxybenzoic acid; phenols | non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug |
| penicillamine | penicillamine : An alpha-amino acid having the structure of valine substituted at the beta position with a sulfanyl group. Penicillamine: 3-Mercapto-D-valine. The most characteristic degradation product of the penicillin antibiotics. It is used as an antirheumatic and as a chelating agent in Wilson's disease. | non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid; penicillamine | antirheumatic drug; chelator; copper chelator; drug allergen |
| 4-toluenesulfonyl hydrazide | |||
| nitroxoline | nitroxoline : A monohydroxyquinoline in which the hydroxy group is positioned at C-8 with a nitro group trans to it at C-5. nitroxoline: structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #6475; RN given refers to parent cpd | C-nitro compound; monohydroxyquinoline | antifungal agent; antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; renal agent |
| olsalazine | olsalazine : An azobenzene that consists of two molecules of 4-aminosalicylic acid joined by an azo linkage. A prodrug for mesalazine, an anti-inflammatory drug, it is used (as the disodium salt) in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. olsalazine: cpd with 2 salicylate molecules linked together by an azo bond | azobenzenes; dicarboxylic acid | non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; prodrug |
| methyldopa | alpha-methyl-L-dopa : A derivative of L-tyrosine having a methyl group at the alpha-position and an additional hydroxy group at the 3-position on the phenyl ring. Methyldopa: An alpha-2 adrenergic agonist that has both central and peripheral nervous system effects. Its primary clinical use is as an antihypertensive agent. | L-tyrosine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid | alpha-adrenergic agonist; antihypertensive agent; hapten; peripheral nervous system drug; sympatholytic agent |
| 6-amino-7-chloro-5,8-dioxoquinoline | 6-amino-7-chloro-5,8-dioxoquinoline: quinone structure important in this cpd; structure | ||
| kalafungin | kalafungin: nanaomycin D from Streptomyces rosa & is enantiomer of kalafungin; RN given refers to (3aR-(3aalpha,5alpha,11balpha))-isomer; see also nanaomycin C; structure of kalafungin in first source; structure of nanaomycin in second source | ||
| nsc228155 | |||
| agathisflavone | agathisflavone : A biflavonoid that is obtained by oxidative coupling of two molecules of apigenin resulting in a bond between positions C-6 and C-8 of the two chromene rings. agathisflavone: bis-apigenin coupled at 6 and 8 positions; isolated from the plant Canarium manii; has hepatoprotective activity against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity | biaryl; biflavonoid; hydroxyflavone | antineoplastic agent; antiviral agent; hepatoprotective agent; metabolite |
| cupressuflavone | cupressuflavone : A biflavonoid that is obtained by oxidative coupling of two molecules of apigenin resulting in a bond between positions C-8 of the two chromene rings respectively. Isolated from Cupressus sempervirens and Juniperus occidentalis, it exhibits free radical scavenging and antielastase activities. cupressuflavone: from Cupressus macrocarpa; structure in first source | biflavonoid; hydroxyflavone; ring assembly | EC 3.4.21.37 (leukocyte elastase) inhibitor; metabolite; radical scavenger |
| podocarpusflavone a | podocarpusflavone A: isolated from Podocarpus imbricatus | flavonoid oligomer | |
| aminoethoxyvinylglycine | aminoethoxyvinylglycine: RN given for (S-(E))-isomer |