Target type: molecularfunction
Catalysis of the reaction: mono-olein + mono-olein = diolein + glycerol. Mono-olein, also known as mono-oleoylglycerol, is the monoglyceride formed from oleic acid, 9-octodecenoic acid; diolein is also known as dioleoylglycerol. [GOC:ai, PMID:15364929]
Mono-olein transacylation activity refers to the enzymatic transfer of an acyl group (specifically, an oleoyl group) from a donor molecule to a mono-olein molecule. This process is fundamentally a type of acyltransferase activity, often catalyzed by enzymes belonging to the family of lipases. Mono-olein, a monoglyceride containing a single oleic acid molecule attached to glycerol, is a significant component of dietary fats and plays a crucial role in various biological processes.
The specific mechanism of mono-olein transacylation involves the enzyme's active site binding both the donor molecule, typically a diacylglycerol or triglyceride, and the mono-olein molecule. Through a series of catalytic steps, the enzyme facilitates the transfer of the oleoyl group from the donor to the mono-olein, resulting in the formation of a diacylglycerol and a free fatty acid.
This activity is critical for several reasons. Firstly, it allows for the remodeling of lipids within cells. The transacylation process can alter the fatty acid composition of lipids, influencing their physical properties and biological functions. For instance, by incorporating oleic acid into mono-olein, cells can influence membrane fluidity and signaling.
Secondly, mono-olein transacylation contributes to the digestion and absorption of dietary fats. Lipases in the gastrointestinal tract utilize this activity to break down dietary triglycerides into smaller molecules, including mono-olein, which can then be readily absorbed by the body.
Overall, mono-olein transacylation is an essential enzymatic process that plays a crucial role in lipid metabolism, cellular function, and dietary fat digestion. The specific enzymes involved in this activity vary depending on the organism and cellular compartment. However, the fundamental principle remains the same: the transfer of an oleoyl group from a donor to mono-olein, facilitating the modification and utilization of lipids.'
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| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 2 | A patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 2 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q96AD5] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| atglistatin | atglistatin : A biphenyl that is 1,1'-biphenyl substituted by (dimethylcarbamoyl)amino and dimethylamino groups at positions 3 and 4', respectively. It is a potent inhibitor of adipose triglyceride lipase activity (IC50 = 700nM). atglistatin: inhibits adipose triglyceride lipase; structure in first source |