Target type: molecularfunction
Catalysis of the reaction: beta-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl derivative + CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate = N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl derivative + CMP + H+. [EC:2.4.3.2, MetaCyc:2.4.99.2-RXN]
Beta-D-galactosyl-(1-alpha-2,3-sialyltransferase, also known as ST3Gal3, is a glycosyltransferase enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of sialic acid from CMP-sialic acid to the 3-hydroxyl group of galactose residues in N-linked glycans. This enzyme plays a crucial role in the biosynthesis of complex N-glycans, which are important for a variety of cellular functions, including protein folding, cell-cell adhesion, and signal transduction.
Specifically, ST3Gal3 is responsible for the synthesis of the sialyl-Lewis X (sLeX) epitope, a carbohydrate structure that is recognized by selectins, a family of cell adhesion molecules involved in leukocyte trafficking and inflammation. The sLeX epitope is also found on tumor cells and has been implicated in tumor metastasis.
ST3Gal3 is a type II transmembrane protein with a catalytic domain located in the lumen of the Golgi apparatus. The enzyme exhibits specificity for galactose residues in the terminal position of N-glycans, and its activity is regulated by the availability of CMP-sialic acid and the presence of specific acceptor glycans.
In addition to its role in N-glycan biosynthesis, ST3Gal3 has also been implicated in other biological processes, such as the regulation of neuronal development and the modulation of immune responses.
Mutations in the ST3Gal3 gene have been associated with several human diseases, including cancer, inflammation, and neurological disorders.
Overall, ST3Gal3 is an important enzyme that plays a crucial role in a variety of cellular processes. Its activity is tightly regulated and its dysregulation can lead to a number of human diseases.'
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| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| CMP-N-acetylneuraminate-beta-galactosamide-alpha-2,3-sialyltransferase 1 | A CMP-N-acetylneuraminate-beta-galactosamide-alpha-2,3-sialyltransferase 1 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q11201] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid | 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid : A dihydroxybenzoic acid that is benzoic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2 and 3. It occurs naturally in Phyllanthus acidus and in the aquatic fern Salvinia molesta. 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd dihydroxybenzoic acid : Any member of the class of hydroxybenzoic acids carrying two phenolic hydroxy groups on the benzene ring and its derivatives. | dihydroxybenzoic acid | human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite |
| protocatechuic acid | 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid : A dihydroxybenzoic acid in which the hydroxy groups are located at positions 3 and 4. protocatechuic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure | catechols; dihydroxybenzoic acid | antineoplastic agent; EC 1.1.1.25 (shikimate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; EC 1.14.11.2 (procollagen-proline dioxygenase) inhibitor; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite |
| gallic acid | gallate : A trihydroxybenzoate that is the conjugate base of gallic acid. | trihydroxybenzoic acid | antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; astringent; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; geroprotector; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite |
| beta-resorcylic acid | beta-resorcylic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure | ||
| 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid | 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid : A dihydroxybenzoic acid having the two hydroxy groups at the 2- and 5-positions. 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; a oxidative product of saligenin | dihydroxybenzoic acid | EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; fungal metabolite; human metabolite; MALDI matrix material; mouse metabolite |
| veratric acid | 3,4-dimethoxybenzoic acid : A member of the class of benzoic acids that is benzoic acid substituted by methoxy groups at positions 2 and 3. veratric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure | benzoic acids | allergen; plant metabolite |
| methyl gallate | methyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate : A gallate ester obtained by the formal condensation of gallic acid with methanol. It exhibits anti-oxidant, anti-tumor, anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory properties. methyl gallate: has both immunosuppressive and phytogenic antineoplastic activities; isolated from Acer saccharinum | gallate ester | anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; plant metabolite |
| 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoic acid | 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoic acid : A benzoic acid derivative carrying 3-, 4- and 5-methoxy substituents. 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure | benzoic acids; methoxybenzenes | human urinary metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite |
| syringic acid | syringic acid : A dimethoxybenzene that is 3,5-dimethyl ether derivative of gallic acid. syringic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in third source | benzoic acids; dimethoxybenzene; phenols | plant metabolite |
| epigallocatechin gallate | (-)-epigallocatechin 3-gallate : A gallate ester obtained by the formal condensation of gallic acid with the (3R)-hydroxy group of (-)-epigallocatechin. epigallocatechin gallate: a steroid 5alpha-reductase inhibitor and antimutagen in green tea (Camellia sinensis) | flavans; gallate ester; polyphenol | antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; geroprotector; Hsp90 inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; plant metabolite |
| guanosine diphosphate | Guanosine Diphosphate: A guanine nucleotide containing two phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. | guanosine 5'-phosphate; purine ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate | Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; uncoupling protein inhibitor |