interleukin-16 receptor activity

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

Combining with interleukin-16 and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity. [GOC:jl, GOC:signaling]

Interleukin-16 receptor activity is a molecular function associated with the interaction of interleukin-16 (IL-16) with its receptor, CD4. IL-16 is a pleiotropic cytokine primarily known for its role in immune regulation and inflammation. Its receptor, CD4, is a transmembrane glycoprotein primarily expressed on T lymphocytes. Upon binding to CD4, IL-16 triggers a series of intracellular signaling events that ultimately lead to various cellular responses. These responses include: 1) chemotaxis and migration of T lymphocytes, especially CD4+ T helper cells, toward sites of inflammation; 2) modulation of T cell activation and differentiation, contributing to both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses; 3) suppression of Th1 cell responses, promoting a shift towards Th2 responses; 4) regulation of cytokine production, influencing the balance of inflammatory mediators; and 5) suppression of HIV-1 replication. The precise molecular mechanisms underlying these functions are still being elucidated, but they involve activation of various signaling pathways, including the MAPK pathway, the PI3K pathway, and the NF-κB pathway. The IL-16/CD4 interaction plays a critical role in coordinating immune responses, particularly in the context of inflammation, infection, and autoimmunity. Understanding the intricate molecular functions of IL-16 receptor activity is crucial for developing therapeutic strategies targeting this pathway in various diseases.'
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Proteins (1)

Compounds (1)