oxidized purine DNA binding

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

Binding to a DNA region containing an oxidized purine residue. [GOC:vk]

Oxidized purine DNA binding refers to the interaction of proteins with DNA that contains oxidized purine bases. Purines, adenine (A) and guanine (G), are essential building blocks of DNA. Oxidative stress can damage DNA, leading to the formation of various oxidized purine lesions, such as 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-oxoG), 2,6-diamino-4-hydroxy-5-formamidopyrimidine (Fapy-adenine), and others. These lesions can disrupt DNA replication and transcription, contributing to mutagenesis and genomic instability. Proteins that recognize and bind to oxidized purines play crucial roles in DNA repair pathways, preventing the accumulation of DNA damage and maintaining genomic integrity. Oxidized purine DNA binding proteins employ diverse mechanisms to recognize these damaged bases, often involving specific amino acid residues and structural features that interact with the modified purine and its surrounding DNA context. Examples of oxidized purine DNA binding proteins include:
- **Formamidopyrimidine DNA glycosylase (FPG)**: This protein removes Fapy-adenine and other oxidized purine lesions from DNA through its DNA glycosylase activity.
- **8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (OGG1)**: OGG1 specifically removes 8-oxoG from DNA, preventing its mispairing with adenine during replication.
- **MutY DNA glycosylase**: MutY is involved in removing adenine mispaired with 8-oxoG, preventing its incorporation into the genome during DNA replication. The binding of these proteins to oxidized purines initiates DNA repair pathways, such as base excision repair (BER), which removes the damaged base and restores the original DNA sequence. By recognizing and binding to oxidized purines, these proteins play a critical role in protecting the genome from oxidative damage and maintaining genomic stability.'
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Proteins (2)

Compounds (7)