tRNA (cytidine-5-)-methyltransferase activity
Definition
Target type: molecularfunction
Catalysis of the reaction: a cytidine in tRNA + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = a 5-methylcytidine in tRNA + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+. This modification can occur on seversal residues, including cytidine(34), cytidine(40), cytidine(48), and cytidine(49). [RHEA:61468]
tRNA (cytidine-5-)-methyltransferase activity catalyzes the transfer of a methyl group from a donor molecule, such as S-adenosyl methionine (SAM), to the 5' position of a cytidine residue in a tRNA molecule. This methylation event is crucial for proper tRNA folding, stability, and recognition by ribosomes during protein synthesis. The reaction proceeds through a series of steps: 1) Binding of the tRNA substrate to the enzyme active site. 2) Binding of the methyl donor SAM to the active site. 3) Formation of a transient covalent intermediate between the enzyme and the methyl donor. 4) Transfer of the methyl group from the enzyme-SAM complex to the 5' position of the cytidine residue in tRNA. 5) Release of the methylated tRNA and the demethylated SAM from the enzyme active site. The precise location and pattern of methylation in tRNA molecules can vary depending on the specific tRNA species and the organism. This methylation activity is essential for the accurate translation of genetic information into proteins. It plays a critical role in maintaining the integrity and function of the tRNA pool, ultimately contributing to the overall efficiency and fidelity of protein synthesis.'
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Proteins (2)
| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| tRNA (cytosine(38)-C(5))-methyltransferase | A tRNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferase that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:O14717] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| tRNA (cytosine(38)-C(5))-methyltransferase | A tRNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferase that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:O14717] | Homo sapiens (human) |
Compounds (2)
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| sinefungin | adenosines; non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid | antifungal agent; antimicrobial agent | |
| s-adenosylhomocysteine | S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine : An organic sulfide that is the S-adenosyl derivative of L-homocysteine. S-Adenosylhomocysteine: 5'-S-(3-Amino-3-carboxypropyl)-5'-thioadenosine. Formed from S-adenosylmethionine after transmethylation reactions. | adenosines; amino acid zwitterion; homocysteine derivative; homocysteines; organic sulfide | cofactor; EC 2.1.1.72 [site-specific DNA-methyltransferase (adenine-specific)] inhibitor; EC 2.1.1.79 (cyclopropane-fatty-acyl-phospholipid synthase) inhibitor; epitope; fundamental metabolite |