Page last updated: 2024-10-24

phospholipase A1 activity

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

Catalysis of the reaction: phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 2-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate. [EC:3.1.1.32]

Phospholipase A1 (PLA1) activity involves the hydrolysis of the ester bond at the sn-1 position of a phospholipid molecule, specifically targeting the fatty acid attached to the first carbon of the glycerol backbone. This enzymatic reaction liberates a free fatty acid, typically a saturated fatty acid, and generates a lysophospholipid.

PLA1 enzymes play crucial roles in various cellular processes, including:

* **Lipid signaling:** PLA1-derived lysophospholipids act as signaling molecules, modulating cellular responses, such as inflammation, cell growth, and apoptosis.
* **Membrane remodeling:** PLA1 activity can modify membrane composition, influencing membrane fluidity and permeability.
* **Digestion:** In the digestive system, PLA1 enzymes contribute to the breakdown of dietary phospholipids, facilitating the absorption of fatty acids.

The specific substrate specificity and regulation of PLA1 enzymes vary depending on the enzyme type and cellular context. These enzymes are often involved in complex signaling pathways, and their dysregulation can contribute to various pathological conditions.'
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Proteins (7)

ProteinDefinitionTaxonomy
Cytosolic phospholipase A2 gammaA cytosolic phospholipase A2 gamma that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q9UP65]Homo sapiens (human)
Cytosolic phospholipase A2 betaA cytosolic phospholipase A2 beta that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P0C869]Homo sapiens (human)
Endothelial lipaseAn endothelial lipase that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q9Y5X9]Homo sapiens (human)
Cytosolic phospholipase A2 gammaA cytosolic phospholipase A2 gamma that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:Q9UP65]Homo sapiens (human)
Hepatic triacylglycerol lipaseA hepatic triacylglycerol lipase that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P11150]Homo sapiens (human)
Cytosolic phospholipase A2 betaA cytosolic phospholipase A2 beta that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P0C869]Homo sapiens (human)
Lipoprotein lipaseA lipoprotein lipase that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P06858]Homo sapiens (human)

Compounds (6)

CompoundDefinitionClassesRoles
indomethacinindometacin : A member of the class of indole-3-acetic acids that is indole-3-acetic acid in which the indole ring is substituted at positions 1, 2 and 5 by p-chlorobenzoyl, methyl, and methoxy groups, respectively. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is used in the treatment of musculoskeletal and joint disorders including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, bursitis and tendinitis.

Indomethacin: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) that inhibits CYCLOOXYGENASE, which is necessary for the formation of PROSTAGLANDINS and other AUTACOIDS. It also inhibits the motility of POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES.
aromatic ether;
indole-3-acetic acids;
monochlorobenzenes;
N-acylindole
analgesic;
drug metabolite;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
gout suppressant;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic;
xenobiotic metabolite
nutlin 3stilbenoid
arachidonic acidarachidonate : A long-chain fatty acid anion resulting from the removal of a proton from the carboxy group of arachidonic acid.

icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid : Any icosatetraenoic acid with the double bonds at positions 5, 8, 11 and 14.
icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid;
long-chain fatty acid;
omega-6 fatty acid
Daphnia galeata metabolite;
EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
orlistatorlistat : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of N-formyl-L-leucine with the hydroxy group of (3S,4S)-3-hexyl-4-[(2S)-2-hydroxytridecyl]oxetan-2-one. A pancreatic lipase inhibitor, it is used as an anti-obesity drug.

Orlistat: A lactone derivative of LEUCINE that acts as a pancreatic lipase inhibitor to limit the absorption of dietary fat; it is used in the management of obesity.
beta-lactone;
carboxylic ester;
formamides;
L-leucine derivative
anti-obesity agent;
bacterial metabolite;
EC 2.3.1.85 (fatty acid synthase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor
arachidonyltrifluoromethaneAACOCF3 : A fatty acid derivative that is arachidonic acid in which the OH part of the carboxy group has been replaced by a trifluoromethyl group

arachidonyltrifluoromethane: structure given in first source; inhibits 85-kDa phospholipase A2
fatty acid derivative;
ketone;
olefinic compound;
organofluorine compound
EC 3.1.1.4 (phospholipase A2) inhibitor
xen445