folic acid transmembrane transporter activity

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

Enables the transfer of folic acid (pteroylglutamic acid) from one side of a membrane to the other. Folic acid is widely distributed as a member of the vitamin B complex and is essential for the synthesis of purine and pyrimidines. [GOC:ai]

Folic acid transmembrane transporter activity refers to the movement of folic acid across cellular membranes. This process is crucial for maintaining adequate intracellular levels of folate, an essential vitamin vital for various cellular functions, including DNA synthesis, repair, and methylation.

The transport of folic acid is mediated by specific membrane-bound proteins, known as folate transporters. These transporters exhibit high affinity for folate and utilize various mechanisms to facilitate its uptake into cells. Some transporters employ passive diffusion, driven by the concentration gradient, while others utilize active transport mechanisms, requiring energy to move folate against its concentration gradient.

The primary function of folate transporters is to ensure the efficient delivery of folate into cells, where it is converted into tetrahydrofolic acid (THF), the active form of the vitamin. THF serves as a cofactor for numerous metabolic enzymes involved in crucial cellular processes, such as DNA synthesis, repair, and methylation.

Deficiency in folate uptake can lead to various health issues, including megaloblastic anemia, neural tube defects, and cardiovascular disease. Therefore, maintaining adequate folate levels through efficient transmembrane transport is essential for overall health and well-being.'
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Proteins (5)

Compounds (5)