tRNA methyltransferase activity

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group from a donor to a nucleoside residue in a tRNA molecule. [GOC:mah]

tRNA methyltransferase activity is a crucial molecular function involved in the modification of transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules. tRNA molecules are essential components of protein synthesis, acting as adapters that translate genetic code from mRNA into amino acids. tRNA methyltransferases catalyze the addition of methyl groups to specific nucleotides within tRNA molecules. These methylation events play a vital role in various aspects of tRNA function, including:

1. **Structural Stability:** Methylation can contribute to the structural stability of tRNA by altering the conformation of the molecule, enhancing its ability to interact with other components of the translation machinery.

2. **Recognition by Ribosomes:** Methylation can influence the recognition of tRNA by ribosomes, ensuring accurate decoding of mRNA and efficient protein synthesis.

3. **Aminoacylation Efficiency:** Methylation can affect the efficiency of tRNA aminoacylation, the process by which tRNA molecules are loaded with their corresponding amino acids.

4. **tRNA Folding and Maturation:** Methylation can influence the proper folding and maturation of tRNA molecules, ensuring their correct structure and function.

5. **Cellular Localization:** Methylation can contribute to the cellular localization of tRNA molecules, directing them to specific compartments where they are needed for protein synthesis.

In summary, tRNA methyltransferase activity is a fundamental molecular function that ensures the correct structure, function, and localization of tRNA molecules, ultimately contributing to the fidelity and efficiency of protein synthesis.'
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Proteins (1)

Compounds (2)